Mićović Dragoslava
Crime Police Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2013 Jul-Aug;141(7-8):565-9.
What is translation--a craft, an art, a profession or a job? Although one of the oldest human activities, translation has not still been fully defined, and it is still young in terms of an academic discipline. The paper defines the difference between translation and interpreting and then attempts to find the answer to the question what characteristics, knowledge and skills a translator must have, particularly the one involved in court translation, and where his/her place in the communication process (both written and oral communication) is. When translating medical documentation, a translator is set within a medical language environment as an intermediary between two doctors (in other words, two professionals) in the process of communication which would be impossible without him, since it is conducted in two different languages. The paper also gives an insight into types of medical documentation and who they are intended for. It gives practical examples of the problems faced in the course of translation of certain types of medical documentation (hospital discharge papers, diagnoses, case reports,...). Is it possible to make this kind of communication between professionals (doctors) standardized, which would subsequently make their translation easier? Although great efforts are made in Serbia regarding medical language and medical terminology, the conclusion is that specific problems encountered by translators can hardly be overcome using only dictionaries and translation manuals.
翻译是什么——一门手艺、一门艺术、一种职业还是一份工作？尽管翻译是人类最古老的活动之一，但至今仍未得到充分定义，就学术学科而言它仍处于起步阶段。本文界定了笔译和口译的区别，然后试图回答译者必须具备哪些特点、知识和技能，尤其是从事法庭翻译工作的译者，以及他/她在交流过程（包括书面和口头交流）中的位置。在翻译医学文献时，译者作为两名医生（换言之，两名专业人士）交流过程中的媒介，置身于医学语言环境之中。若没有译者，这种交流便无法进行，因为交流是用两种不同的语言进行的。本文还深入探讨了医学文献的类型以及其受众。文中给出了翻译某些类型的医学文献（出院小结、诊断书、病例报告等）过程中所面临问题的实际例子。能否使专业人士（医生）之间的这种交流标准化，从而使翻译工作变得更容易？尽管塞尔维亚在医学语言和医学术语方面付出了巨大努力，但结论是仅靠词典和翻译手册很难克服译者所遇到的具体问题。
