a Department of Industrial Engineering and Logistics Management , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2013;14(8):867-73. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2013.775432.
Carless young drivers refers to those drivers aged between 18 and 25 years who have a driver's license but seldom have opportunities to practice their driving skills because they do not have their own cars. Due to China's lower private car ownership, many young drivers turn into carless young drivers after licensure, and the safety issue associated with them has become a matter of great concern in China. Because few studies have examined the driving behaviors of these drivers, this study aims to utilize the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) to investigate the self-reported driving behaviors of Chinese carless young drivers.
A total of 523 Chinese carless young drivers (214 females, 309 males) with an average age of 21.91 years completed a questionnaire including the 27-item DBQ and demographics. The data were first randomized into 2 subsamples for factor analysis and then combined together for the following analyses. Both an exploratory factor analysis (EFA, n = 174) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA, n = 349) were performed to investigate the factor structure of the DBQ. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between the demographics and the DBQ scales' variables. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression were performed to investigate the prediction of the DBQ scales and crash involvement in the previous year.
The EFA produced a 4-factor structure identified as errors, violations, attention lapses, and memory lapses, and the CFA revealed a good model fit after the removal of one item with a low factor loading and the permission of the error covariance between some items. The Chinese carless young drivers reported a comparatively low level of aberrant driving behaviors. The 3 most frequently reported behaviors were all lapses and the 3 least were all violations. Gender was the only significant predictor of the 2 lapses scales and lifetime mileage was the only significant predictor of the violations scale. Only the violations factor was found to be significantly predictive of crash involvement in the previous year.
The current study provides evidence that the DBQ can successfully be utilized to examine the self-reported driving behaviors of Chinese carless young drivers. However, the factor structure as well as the level of reported aberrant driving behaviors suggests that Chinese carless young drivers are a special population and thus should be treated differently when interventions are performed. Supplemental materials are available for this article.
无车年轻驾驶员是指那些年龄在 18 至 25 岁之间，持有驾照但很少有机会练习驾驶技能的驾驶员，因为他们没有自己的汽车。由于中国私家车拥有率较低，许多年轻驾驶员在获得驾照后成为无车年轻驾驶员，他们的安全问题在中国引起了极大关注。由于很少有研究调查这些驾驶员的驾驶行为，本研究旨在利用驾驶员行为问卷（DBQ）调查中国无车年轻驾驶员的自我报告驾驶行为。
共有 523 名中国无车年轻驾驶员（女性 214 名，男性 309 名）完成了一份包括 27 个项目的 DBQ 和人口统计学信息的问卷，平均年龄为 21.91 岁。首先将数据随机分为 2 个子样本进行因子分析，然后将它们合并在一起进行以下分析。同时进行探索性因子分析（EFA，n=174）和验证性因子分析（CFA，n=349），以调查 DBQ 的因子结构。相关性分析用于检验人口统计学变量与 DBQ 量表变量之间的关系。多元线性回归和逻辑回归用于调查 DBQ 量表和前一年事故卷入的预测。
EFA 产生了一个由 4 个因子组成的结构，分别为错误、违规、注意力不集中和记忆失误，在删除一个因子负荷较低的项目并允许一些项目的误差协方差后，CFA 显示出良好的模型拟合度。中国无车年轻驾驶员报告的异常驾驶行为相对较低。报告最多的 3 种行为均为失误，报告最少的 3 种行为均为违规。性别是 2 个失误因子唯一显著的预测因素，终生里程是违规因子唯一显著的预测因素。只有违规因子被发现对前一年的事故卷入有显著的预测作用。
本研究提供了证据表明，DBQ 可成功用于调查中国无车年轻驾驶员的自我报告驾驶行为。然而，报告的异常驾驶行为的因子结构和水平表明，中国无车年轻驾驶员是一个特殊的群体，因此在进行干预时应区别对待。本文提供了补充材料。
