Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Nutrients. 2013 Sep 26;5(10):3871-97. doi: 10.3390/nu5103871.
This review aims to search and summarise the available evidence on the association between dietary factors and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Middle Eastern populations, where diabetes prevalence is among the highest in the world. Electronic databases were searched; authors, libraries, and research centres in the Middle East were contacted for further studies and unpublished literature. Included studies assessed potential dietary factors for T2DM in Middle Eastern adults. Two reviewers assessed studies independently. Extensive searching yielded 17 studies which met the inclusion criteria for this review. The findings showed that whole-grain intake reduces the risk of T2DM, and potato consumption was positively correlated with T2DM. Vegetables and vegetable oil may play a protective role against T2DM. Dietary patterns that are associated with diabetes were identified, such as Fast Food and Refined Grains patterns. Two studies demonstrated that lifestyle interventions decreased the risk of T2DM. In summary, the identified studies support an association between some dietary factors and T2DM; however, many of the included studies were of poor methodological quality so the findings should be interpreted with caution. The review draws attention to major gaps in current evidence and the need for well-designed studies in this area.
本综述旨在搜索和总结有关饮食因素与中东人群 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）之间关联的现有证据，因为中东地区的糖尿病患病率是世界上最高的。我们检索了电子数据库，并联系了中东的作者、图书馆和研究中心，以获取进一步的研究和未发表的文献。纳入的研究评估了中东成年人中潜在的饮食因素与 T2DM 的相关性。两位评审员独立评估了研究。广泛的搜索产生了 17 项符合本综述纳入标准的研究。研究结果表明，全谷物摄入可降低 T2DM 的风险，而土豆的摄入与 T2DM 呈正相关。蔬菜和植物油可能对 T2DM 具有保护作用。确定了与糖尿病相关的饮食模式，如快餐和精制谷物模式。两项研究表明，生活方式干预可降低 T2DM 的风险。总之，已确定的研究支持某些饮食因素与 T2DM 之间存在关联；然而，纳入的许多研究方法质量较差，因此应谨慎解释研究结果。本综述提请注意当前证据中的主要差距，并需要在该领域进行精心设计的研究。
