Bauer Daniel J, Howard Andrea L, Baldasaro Ruth E, Curran Patrick J, Hussong Andrea M, Chassin Laurie, Zucker Robert A
Department of Psychology.
Psychol Methods. 2013 Dec;18(4):475-93. doi: 10.1037/a0032475. Epub 2013 Sep 30.
Psychologists often obtain ratings for target individuals from multiple informants such as parents or peers. In this article we propose a trifactor model for multiple informant data that separates target-level variability from informant-level variability and item-level variability. By leveraging item-level data, the trifactor model allows for examination of a single trait rated on a single target. In contrast to many psychometric models developed for multitrait-multimethod data, the trifactor model is predominantly a measurement model. It is used to evaluate item quality in scale development, test hypotheses about sources of target variability (e.g., sources of trait differences) versus informant variability (e.g., sources of rater bias), and generate integrative scores that are purged of the subjective biases of single informants.
心理学家常常从多个信息提供者（如父母或同龄人）那里获取对目标个体的评分。在本文中，我们提出了一个针对多信息提供者数据的三因素模型，该模型将目标层面的变异性与信息提供者层面的变异性以及项目层面的变异性区分开来。通过利用项目层面的数据，三因素模型能够对在单个目标上评定的单一特质进行考察。与许多为多特质-多方法数据开发的心理测量模型不同，三因素模型主要是一个测量模型。它用于在量表开发中评估项目质量，检验关于目标变异性来源（如特质差异的来源）与信息提供者变异性来源（如评分者偏差的来源）的假设，并生成消除了单个信息提供者主观偏差的综合分数。
