Sinhasan Sankappa P, Jadhav Chitra R, Bhat Ramachandra V, Amaranathan Anandhi
Department of Pathology, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry, India.
Indian J Dermatol. 2013 Sep;58(5):405. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.117312.
Pilomatrixoma (PMX) is a skin appendage tumor of hair matrix origin, which usually occurs on the face or upper extremities. Although the lesion can appear at any age, it is commonly seen in children and is more common in females. Despite being better defined, pilomatricomas continue to be frequently misdiagnosed and are not usually considered in differential diagnoses, either in clinical set-up or during cytological reporting. They typically present as a superficial, firm, solitary, slow-growing, painless mass in the dermis. The overlying skin may be normal or exhibit a bluish-red discoloration or ulceration. We report an 18-year-old girl presented with tender, subcutaneous nodule with overlying skin showing atrophy and hypopigmentation. Clinically, it was diagnosed as neurofibroma and sent for FNAC. We offered precise diagnosis of pilomatrixoma on cytological examination, (where chances of wrong diagnosis are very high) and it was subsequently confirmed by histopathology. We discuss the varied clinical presentations, diagnostic difficulties, and differential diagnoses of PMX.
毛母质瘤（PMX）是一种起源于毛母质的皮肤附属器肿瘤，通常发生于面部或上肢。尽管该病变可在任何年龄出现，但常见于儿童，且女性更为多见。尽管毛母质瘤的定义更为明确，但在临床实践或细胞学报告中，它们仍经常被误诊，并且在鉴别诊断中通常不被考虑。它们通常表现为真皮内一个浅表、质地坚硬、孤立、生长缓慢、无痛的肿块。其上方的皮肤可能正常，或呈现蓝红色变色或溃疡。我们报告了一名18岁女孩，其出现伴有上方皮肤萎缩和色素减退的压痛性皮下结节。临床上，该病变被诊断为神经纤维瘤，并送去做细针穿刺抽吸活检（FNAC）。我们通过细胞学检查（误诊几率非常高）对毛母质瘤做出了准确诊断，随后经组织病理学证实。我们讨论了毛母质瘤的各种临床表现、诊断困难及鉴别诊断。
