Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box number 9, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Nov;13(11):790-801. doi: 10.1038/nri3535. Epub 2013 Oct 7.
Commensal bacteria inhabit mucosal and epidermal surfaces in mice and humans, and have effects on metabolic and immune pathways in their hosts. Recent studies indicate that the commensal microbiota can be manipulated to prevent and even to cure infections that are caused by pathogenic bacteria, particularly pathogens that are broadly resistant to antibiotics, such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium difficile. In this Review, we discuss how immune- mediated colonization resistance against antibiotic-resistant intestinal pathogens is influenced by the composition of the commensal microbiota. We also review recent advances characterizing the ability of different commensal bacterial families, genera and species to restore colonization resistance to intestinal pathogens in antibiotic-treated hosts.
共生细菌栖息于小鼠和人类的黏膜和表皮表面，对宿主的代谢和免疫途径产生影响。最近的研究表明，共生微生物群可以被操纵，以预防甚至治愈由耐药性细菌引起的感染，特别是对广泛抗生素耐药的病原体，如万古霉素耐药粪肠球菌、革兰氏阴性肠杆菌科和艰难梭菌。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了免疫介导的定植抵抗对耐药性肠道病原体的影响，以及共生微生物群的组成。我们还回顾了最近的进展，这些进展描述了不同共生细菌科、属和种恢复抗生素治疗宿主中肠道病原体定植抵抗的能力。
