Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Curr Opin Oncol. 2013 Nov;25(6):682-8. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000005.
First described in 2002, the presence and role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in glioblastoma (GBM) has remained a controversial topic. New research indicates HCMV gene products likely promote GBM pathogenesis and that therapies aimed at HCMV might influence disease progression.
Recently, investigators have begun to analyze HCMV genome and proteins present in GBM cells in vivo. Furthermore, the research has demonstrated that several HCMV gene products that have oncomodulatory properties are expressed in GBM and may be impacting tumor pathogenesis in vivo. These HCMV gene products modulate GBM proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and immune evasion. A recent mouse model provides mechanistic information as to how CMV may promote gliomagenesis in the setting of tumor suppressor dysfunction and STAT3 signaling. In addition, clinical outcomes of GBM patients are associated with the degree of HCMV infection. Novel therapies aimed at direct antiviral and immunotherapy approaches to HCMV suggest that these modalities may impact the future treatment of this disease.
A more precise understanding of the role of HCMV infection in gliomagenesis and GBM pathogenesis could reveal novel therapeutic and preventive strategies.
人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染在胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）中的存在和作用于 2002 年首次被描述，但其一直是一个有争议的话题。新的研究表明，HCMV 基因产物可能促进 GBM 的发病机制，针对 HCMV 的治疗方法可能影响疾病的进展。
最近，研究人员开始分析体内 GBM 细胞中存在的 HCMV 基因组和蛋白质。此外，研究表明，几种具有致癌调节特性的 HCMV 基因产物在 GBM 中表达，可能影响体内肿瘤的发病机制。这些 HCMV 基因产物调节 GBM 的增殖、凋亡、血管生成、侵袭和免疫逃逸。最近的小鼠模型提供了有关 CMV 如何在肿瘤抑制因子功能障碍和 STAT3 信号通路的情况下促进神经胶质瘤发生的机制信息。此外，GBM 患者的临床结局与 HCMV 感染的程度有关。针对 HCMV 的直接抗病毒和免疫治疗新方法表明，这些方法可能会影响该疾病未来的治疗。
更精确地了解 HCMV 感染在神经胶质瘤发生和 GBM 发病机制中的作用可能会揭示新的治疗和预防策略。
