可见墨水：一种针对癌症患者的灵活且个性化定制的书写干预措施。
Visible ink: A flexible and individually tailored writing intervention for cancer patients.
作者信息
Corner Geoffrey W, Jhanwar Sabrina M, Kelman Judith, Pessin Hayley, Stein Emma, Breitbart William
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,New York, New York.
Visible Ink Writing Program,Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.New York, New York.
出版信息
Palliat Support Care. 2015 Apr;13(2):171-8. doi: 10.1017/S1478951513000710. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
OBJECTIVES
Subjective reports on the effectiveness of and satisfaction with writing interventions in medical populations have indicated that they can have a profound impact on patients. Further, past research on these programs has demonstrated that they can lead to a number of different positive outcomes depending on the personal characteristics of the participating patients and the type of writing with which they are tasked. For this reason, a flexible and individually tailored writing intervention may be particularly effective for patients, molding its approach to their desires and backgrounds. This paper examines Visible Ink, a writing program for cancer patients at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) that follows this model.
METHODS
At Visible Ink's First Fall Writing Festival in November 2012, an optional survey was provided to all program participants in attendance, capturing both quantitative and qualitative information on patient experiences in the program. Twenty-nine surveys were completed.
RESULTS
The program appears to have a variety of positive effects, including fostering personal growth and providing a positive distraction. Respondents reported that they write in a number of different genres on topics both related and not related to their illnesses, which supports the flexible model of the program. All respondents indicated that they would recommend the program to others, and satisfaction with the program's general approach (i.e., individualized work with a writing coach) was unanimous. A few areas for potential improvement were also identified, most of which involved expanding the services and events offered by the program.
SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS
Despite the limitations of this survey (e.g., small sample size and low response rate), its results support the promise of the Visible Ink model and demonstrate participants' satisfaction with the program. Future research can more thoroughly examine Visible Ink's effectiveness, and additional resources could enable the program to expand.
目标
关于医疗人群写作干预效果和满意度的主观报告表明，这些干预对患者可能产生深远影响。此外，过去对这些项目的研究表明，根据参与患者的个人特征以及分配给他们的写作类型，它们可能会带来许多不同的积极结果。因此，灵活且个性化定制的写作干预对患者可能特别有效，使其方法符合患者的需求和背景。本文考察了纪念斯隆 - 凯特琳癌症中心（MSKCC）为癌症患者开展的一个遵循此模式的写作项目“可见墨水”。
方法
在2012年11月“可见墨水”的首届秋季写作节上，向所有出席的项目参与者提供了一份可选调查问卷，收集关于患者在该项目中经历的定量和定性信息。共完成了29份调查问卷。
结果
该项目似乎有多种积极影响，包括促进个人成长和提供积极的消遣方式。受访者表示，他们以多种不同体裁就与疾病相关和不相关的主题进行写作，这支持了该项目的灵活模式。所有受访者都表示会向他人推荐该项目，并且对项目的总体方法（即与写作教练进行个性化合作）一致满意。还确定了一些可能需要改进的方面，其中大多数涉及扩大项目提供的服务和活动。
结果的意义
尽管本次调查存在局限性（例如样本量小和回复率低），但其结果支持了“可见墨水”模式的前景，并表明参与者对该项目感到满意。未来的研究可以更全面地考察“可见墨水”的有效性，并且更多资源可以使该项目得以扩展。
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