Otsuka H, Denburg J, Dolovich J, Hitch D, Lapp P, Rajan R S, Bienenstock J, Befus D
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1985 Nov;76(5):695-702. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(85)90673-6.
The distribution and abundance of histochemically and morphologically distinct subpopulations of metachromatic cells were investigated in nasal secretions and scrapings from patients with allergic rhinitis, as well as in nasal biopsy specimens from other patients. These analyses of the metachromatic cells demonstrate that basophils and two distinct mast cell populations are present in nasal specimens. One mast cell subpopulation was analogous to the atypical mucosal mast cell of the rat and human intestine, whereas the other cell population was similar to the typical connective tissue mast cell type. In nasal scrapings greater than 80% of the metachromatic cells was mast cells, almost exclusively of the atypical "mucosal" type. However, basophils were the predominant metachromatic cell type in nasal secretions, and atypical mast cells were more abundant than typical mast cells. Few basophils were observed in biopsy specimens, but mast cells were widely distributed in various anatomic compartments. Atypical mast cells outnumbered the typical type in the epithelium and lamina propria, whereas the reverse was true in the submucosa. When the number and type of metachromatic cell in scrapings were analyzed in relation to clinical findings, there was a significant correlation with severity of symptomatology and nasal swelling and pallor. Atypical "mucosal" mast cells were the major cell type in all specimens, from those with mild to those with severe clinical findings. When the distinct spectrum of responsiveness to antiallergic compounds of atypical mast cells is considered, these observations have important therapeutic implications.
对变应性鼻炎患者鼻分泌物和刮片以及其他患者的鼻活检标本中，经组织化学和形态学区分的异染性细胞亚群的分布和丰度进行了研究。对异染性细胞的这些分析表明，鼻标本中存在嗜碱性粒细胞和两种不同的肥大细胞群体。一种肥大细胞亚群类似于大鼠和人类肠道中的非典型黏膜肥大细胞，而另一种细胞群体类似于典型的结缔组织肥大细胞类型。在鼻刮片中，超过80%的异染性细胞是肥大细胞，几乎全是非典型的“黏膜”型。然而，嗜碱性粒细胞是鼻分泌物中主要的异染性细胞类型，非典型肥大细胞比典型肥大细胞更丰富。在活检标本中观察到的嗜碱性粒细胞很少，但肥大细胞广泛分布于各个解剖部位。在上皮和固有层中，非典型肥大细胞的数量超过典型肥大细胞，而在黏膜下层则相反。当分析刮片中异染性细胞的数量和类型与临床发现的关系时，发现其与症状的严重程度以及鼻肿胀和苍白有显著相关性。非典型“黏膜”肥大细胞是所有标本中的主要细胞类型，从轻度到重度临床表现的标本均如此。考虑到非典型肥大细胞对抗过敏化合物的不同反应谱，这些观察结果具有重要的治疗意义。
