Bally Jill M G, Duggleby Wendy, Holtslander Lorraine, Mpofu Christopher, Spurr Shelley, Thomas Roanne, Wright Karen
Author Affiliations: College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon (Drs Bally, Holtslander, Spurr, and Wright); Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton (Dr Duggleby); Saskatoon Cancer Centre and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon (Dr Mpofu); and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario (Dr Thomas), Canada.
Cancer Nurs. 2014 Sep-Oct;37(5):363-72. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e3182a453aa.
Hope has been found to support parents as they care for their child with a life-limiting or life-threatening illness. However, very little research focuses on the nursing care of parents of pediatric oncology patients, and therefore, nurses may have difficulty in understanding and supporting parental well-being.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain an understanding of the experience of hope for parents who care for their child in treatment for cancer.
Using purposive theoretical sampling, 16 parents participated in this study. Thirty-three open-ended, face-to-face interviews were conducted, and 14 parent journals were collected. Analysis of the data was conducted using Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory approach.
A developing, substantive grounded theory was constructed. Parental hope was described as an essential, powerful, deliberate, life-sustaining, dynamic, cyclical process that was anchored in time; was calming and strengthening; and provided inner guidance through the challenging experience of preparing for the worst and hoping for the best. Parents' main concern was "fearing the loss of hope," which was ameliorated by the basic social process of "keeping hope possible" through accepting reality, establishing control, restructuring hope, and purposive positive thinking.
Parents journeyed through numerous transitions related to the treatment of cancer that caused feelings of uncertainty, anxiety, stress, and loss of control. Hope was identified as vital to parents.
To minimize these adverse experiences, nurses can support parents' ability to keep hope possible and thus to optimize their well-being by understanding, assessing, and supporting parental hope.
研究发现，希望能在父母照料身患危及生命或限制生命疾病的孩子时给予支持。然而，极少有研究关注儿科肿瘤患者父母的护理问题，因此，护士在理解和支持父母的幸福感方面可能存在困难。
这项定性研究的目的是了解照料正在接受癌症治疗孩子的父母的希望体验。
采用目的理论抽样法，16位父母参与了本研究。进行了33次开放式面对面访谈，并收集了14篇父母日志。采用查马兹的建构主义扎根理论方法对数据进行分析。
构建了一个不断发展的实质性扎根理论。父母的希望被描述为一个基本、强大、深思熟虑、维持生命、动态、循环的过程，它有时间锚定；能让人平静并增强力量；并在为最坏情况做准备和期待最好结果这一具有挑战性的经历中提供内心指引。父母最主要的担忧是“害怕失去希望”，而通过接受现实、建立掌控感、重新调整希望以及有目的的积极思考等基本社会过程，“让希望成为可能”，这种担忧得到了缓解。
父母在与癌症治疗相关的诸多转变中艰难前行，这些转变引发了不确定感、焦虑、压力和失控感。希望对父母来说至关重要。
为了尽量减少这些不良体验，护士可以通过理解、评估和支持父母的希望，来支持父母保持希望的能力，从而优化他们的幸福感。
