Department of Human Movement and Sport Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico , Rome, Italy.
J Sports Sci Med. 2012 Sep 1;11(3):516-25. eCollection 2012.
The present study aimed to analyze the water polo matches of the men's World Championships, comparing technical and tactical aspects of winning and losing teams, during closed (≤ 3 goals of margin of victory at the end of the 4(th) quarter; winning, W; losing, L) and unbalanced (>3 goals; winning, MW; losing, ML) games. Therefore, 42 of the 48 (6 were draw at end of the 4(th) quarter) matches were considered. According to each game situation (i.e., even, counterattack, power-play, transition), a notational analysis was performed in relation to the following aspects: occurrence of actions, action outcome, execution and origin of shots, and mean duration. In addition, the occurrence of the offensive (and role) and defensive arrangements of even and power-play were analyzed. To show differences (p < 0.05) in terms of margin of victory, an analysis of variance was applied. Although ML (74 ± 11%) performed more even actions than W (68 ± 7%) and MW (69 ± 6%), the latter teams (W = 9 ± 6%; MW = 13 ± 6%) performed more counterattacks than L (3 ± 2%) and ML (5 ± 5%). Power-play is more played during closed (W = 20 ± 3%; L = 22 ± 3%) than unbalanced games (MW = 17 ± 4%; ML = 16 ± 7%). Moreover, differences in terms of margin of victory emerged for mean duration (even, power-play, transition), action outcome (even, power-play), zone origin (even, counterattack, power-play) and technical execution (even, power-play) of shots, and even and power-play offensive (and role) and defensive arrangements. Divergences mainly emerged between closed and unbalanced games, highlighting that the water polo matches of the men's World Championships need to be analyzed either considering the winning and losing outcome of match and specific margins of victory. Thus, coaches can advance their knowledge, considering that closed and unbalanced games are largely characterized by the opponent's exclusion fouls to perform power-play actions, and by a divergent grade of defensive skills regardless of game situation, respectively. Key pointsThe water polo matches of the men's World Championships need to be analyzed considering successful/unsuccessful teams as well as specific margins of victory.Closed matches are mainly characterized by a high occurrence of the opponent's exclusion fouls to perform the power-play actions.For the unbalanced matches, a divergent grade of defensive skills between teams has been highlighted.Coaches can improve their training, considering the opponent's exclusion fouls to perform the power-play actions towards a closed match, and caring the defensive skills of each game situation towards an unbalanced match.
本研究旨在分析男子世界锦标赛水球比赛，比较赢球和输球队伍在封闭（第 4 节结束时获胜优势≤3 球；获胜，W；输球，L）和不平衡（>3 球；获胜，MW；输球，ML）比赛中的技术和战术方面。因此，考虑了 48 场比赛中的 42 场（第 4 节结束时有 6 场平局）。根据每场比赛的情况（即均等、反击、强打、转换），对以下方面进行了记录分析：动作发生、动作结果、射门的执行和来源以及平均持续时间。此外，还分析了均等和强打进攻（和角色）和防守安排的发生情况。为了显示胜利优势方面的差异（p<0.05），进行了方差分析。尽管 ML（74±11%）比 W（68±7%）和 MW（69±6%）执行更多的均等动作，但后两支队伍（W=9±6%；MW=13±6%）比 L（3±2%）和 ML（5±5%）执行更多的反击。强打在封闭比赛中更常见（W=20±3%；L=22±3%），而在不平衡比赛中则较少（MW=17±4%；ML=16±7%）。此外，均等和强打进攻（和角色）和防守安排的平均持续时间（均等、强打、转换）、动作结果（均等、强打）、区域起源（均等、反击、强打）以及射门的技术执行（均等、强打）方面也存在差异，而且在男子世界锦标赛水球比赛中，需要考虑胜利和失败的结果以及特定的胜利优势来进行分析。因此，教练们可以通过考虑封闭和不平衡比赛中对手的排除犯规来执行强打动作，以及考虑到无论比赛情况如何，防守技能的差异程度，来提高他们的知识水平。关键点男子世界锦标赛水球比赛需要考虑成功/不成功的队伍以及特定的胜利优势。封闭比赛的特点主要是对手为执行强打动作而排除犯规的情况较高。对于不平衡的比赛，已经突出了队伍之间防守技能的差异程度。教练们可以通过考虑对手的排除犯规来执行强打动作来改进他们的训练，以适应封闭比赛，以及考虑到每个比赛情况的防守技能来适应不平衡比赛。
