Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Sleep Med. 2013 Dec;14(12):1398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.06.015. Epub 2013 Sep 12.
Eveningness and Internet addiction are major concerns in adolescence and young adulthood. We investigated the relationship between morningness-eveningness and compulsive Internet use in young adults and explored the moderating effects of perceived parenting styles and family support on such relationships.
The participants consisted of 2731 incoming college students (men, 52.4%; mean age, 19.4±3.6years) from a National University in Taiwan. Each participant completed the questionnaires, which included the Morningness-Eveningness Scale (MES), the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale modified for Internet use (YBOCS-IU), the Parental Bonding Instrument for parenting style, the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve questionnaire (APGAR) for perceived family support, and the Adult Self-Report Inventory-4 (ASRI-4) for psychopathology. The morning (n=459), intermediate (n=1878), and evening (n=394) groups were operationally defined by the MES t scores.
The results showed that eveningness was associated with greater weekend sleep compensation, increased compulsive Internet use, more anxiety, poorer parenting styles, and less family support; additionally, the most associated variables for increased compulsive Internet use were the tendency of eveningness, male gender, more anxiety symptoms, less maternal affection/care, and a lower level of perceived family support. The negative association between the morning type and compulsive Internet use severity escalated with increased maternal affection/care and decreased with increased perceived family support. The positive association between the evening type and compulsive Internet use severity declined with increased maternal protection. However, the father's parenting style did not influence the relationship between morningness-eveningness and compulsive Internet use severity.
Our findings imply that sleep schedule and the parental and family process should be part of specific measures for prevention and intervention of compulsive Internet use.
晚睡和网络成瘾是青少年和青年时期的主要问题。我们调查了年轻人的早晚倾向与强迫性网络使用之间的关系，并探讨了感知到的父母教养方式和家庭支持对这种关系的调节作用。
参与者包括来自台湾一所国立大学的 2731 名新生（男性，52.4％；平均年龄 19.4±3.6 岁）。每个参与者都完成了问卷，其中包括：早晨-晚上量表（MES）、用于网络使用的耶鲁-布朗强迫性量表修改版（YBOCS-IU）、父母教养方式的父母养育方式量表、家庭适应、伙伴关系、成长、情感和解决问题问卷（APGAR）感知家庭支持，以及成人自我报告量表-4（ASRI-4）用于精神病理学评估。根据 MES t 分数，将早晨（n=459）、中间（n=1878）和晚上（n=394）组进行操作定义。
结果表明，晚睡与周末睡眠补偿增加、强迫性网络使用增加、更多焦虑、较差的教养方式和较少的家庭支持有关；此外，与强迫性网络使用增加最相关的变量是晚倾向、男性性别、更多的焦虑症状、较少的母性关爱/照顾和较低的家庭支持感。早晨型与强迫性网络使用严重程度之间的负相关随着母性关爱/照顾的增加而加剧，随着家庭支持感的降低而加剧。晚型与强迫性网络使用严重程度之间的正相关随着母性保护的增加而下降。然而，父亲的教养方式并不影响早晚型与强迫性网络使用严重程度之间的关系。
我们的研究结果表明，睡眠时间表以及父母和家庭过程应该成为预防和干预强迫性网络使用的具体措施的一部分。
