Department of Life Sciences, Roehampton University, London, United Kingdom; Applied Music Research Centre, Roehampton University, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, London, United Kingdom.
Applied Music Research Centre, Roehampton University, London, United Kingdom.
Brain Behav Immun. 2014 Feb;36:15-26. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.10.014. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
There has been a growing interest over the past decade into the health benefits of music, in particular examining its psychological and neurological effects. Yet this is the first attempt to systematically review publications on the psychoneuroimmunology of music. Of the selected sixty-three studies published over the past 22 years, a range of effects of music on neurotransmitters, hormones, cytokines, lymphocytes, vital signs and immunoglobulins as well as psychological assessments are cataloged. Research so far points to the pivotal role of stress pathways in linking music to an immune response. However, several challenges to this research are noted: (1) there is very little discussion on the possible mechanisms by which music is achieving its neurological and immunological impact; (2) the studies tend to examine biomarkers in isolation, without taking into consideration the interaction of the biomarkers in question with other physiological or metabolic activities of the body, leading to an unclear understanding of the impact that music may be having; (3) terms are not being defined clearly enough, such as distinctions not being made between different kinds of stress and 'music' being used to encompass a broad spectrum of activities without determining which aspects of musical engagement are responsible for alterations in biomarkers. In light of this, a new model is presented which provides a framework for developing a taxonomy of musical and stress-related variables in research design, and tracing the broad pathways that are involved in its influence on the body.
在过去的十年中，人们对音乐对健康的益处产生了越来越大的兴趣，特别是研究其对心理和神经的影响。然而，这是首次尝试系统地综述有关音乐心理神经免疫学的出版物。在过去 22 年中，已发表的 63 项研究中，列出了音乐对神经递质、激素、细胞因子、淋巴细胞、生命体征和免疫球蛋白以及心理评估的一系列影响。到目前为止的研究表明，应激途径在将音乐与免疫反应联系起来方面起着关键作用。然而，该研究存在一些挑战：（1）很少有关于音乐实现其神经和免疫影响的可能机制的讨论；（2）这些研究往往孤立地检查生物标志物，而没有考虑到所讨论的生物标志物与身体其他生理或代谢活动的相互作用，从而导致对音乐可能产生的影响的理解不清楚；（3）术语没有被明确界定，例如，不同类型的应激之间没有区别，而且“音乐”被用来涵盖广泛的活动，而没有确定音乐参与的哪些方面导致了生物标志物的变化。有鉴于此，提出了一个新模型，为在研究设计中构建音乐和应激相关变量的分类法，并追踪其对身体影响所涉及的广泛途径提供了框架。
