Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Cell Biosci. 2013 Oct 9;3(1):41. doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-3-41.
Adult stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis by their ability to both self-renew and differentiate to distinct cell types. Multiple signaling pathways have been shown to play essential roles as extrinsic cues in maintaining adult stem cell identity and activity. Recent studies also show dynamic regulation by epigenetic mechanisms as intrinsic factors in multiple adult stem cell lineages. Emerging evidence demonstrates intimate crosstalk between these two mechanisms. Misregulation of adult stem cell activity could lead to tumorigenesis, and it has been proposed that cancer stem cells may be responsible for tumor growth and metastasis. However, it is unclear whether cancer stem cells share commonalities with normal adult stem cells. In this review, we will focus on recent discoveries of epigenetic regulation in multiple adult stem cell lineages. We will also discuss how epigenetic mechanisms regulate cancer stem cell activity and probe the common and different features between cancer stem cells and normal adult stem cells.
成体干细胞通过自我更新和分化为不同细胞类型的能力来维持组织内稳态。多项研究表明，多种信号通路作为外在线索在维持成体干细胞特性和活性方面发挥着重要作用。最近的研究还表明，在多个成体干细胞谱系中，表观遗传机制通过内在因素进行动态调节。新出现的证据表明这两种机制之间存在密切的相互作用。成体干细胞活性的失调可能导致肿瘤发生，有人提出癌症干细胞可能负责肿瘤生长和转移。然而，目前尚不清楚癌症干细胞是否与正常成体干细胞具有共同特征。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍多个成体干细胞谱系中表观遗传调控的最新发现。我们还将讨论表观遗传机制如何调节癌症干细胞的活性，并探讨癌症干细胞和正常成体干细胞之间的共同和不同特征。
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