大麻素和内源性大麻素系统对恶心和呕吐的调节。
Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system.
机构信息
Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1.
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
出版信息
Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Jan 5;722:134-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.068. Epub 2013 Nov 1.
Nausea and vomiting (emesis) are important elements in defensive or protective responses that animals use to avoid ingestion or digestion of potentially harmful substances. However, these neurally-mediated responses are at times manifested as symptoms of disease and they are frequently observed as side-effects of a variety of medications, notably those used to treat cancer. Cannabis has long been known to limit or prevent nausea and vomiting from a variety of causes. This has led to extensive investigations that have revealed an important role for cannabinoids and their receptors in the regulation of nausea and emesis. With the discovery of the endocannabinoid system, novel ways to regulate both nausea and vomiting have been discovered that involve the production of endogenous cannabinoids acting centrally. Here we review recent progress in understanding the regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system, and we discuss the potential to utilize the endocannabinoid system in the treatment of these frequently debilitating conditions.
恶心和呕吐（呕吐）是动物用来避免摄入或消化潜在有害物质的防御或保护反应的重要组成部分。然而，这些神经介导的反应有时表现为疾病的症状，并且经常被观察到是各种药物的副作用，特别是那些用于治疗癌症的药物。大麻长期以来被认为可以限制或预防各种原因引起的恶心和呕吐。这导致了广泛的研究，揭示了大麻素及其受体在调节恶心和呕吐方面的重要作用。随着内源性大麻素系统的发现，已经发现了调节恶心和呕吐的新方法，涉及中枢内源性大麻素的产生。在这里，我们回顾了近年来对大麻素和内源性大麻素系统调节恶心和呕吐的理解的进展，并讨论了利用内源性大麻素系统治疗这些经常使人衰弱的疾病的潜力。
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