Adamou Christina, Avraamides Marios N, Kelly Jonathan W
Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, P.O Box 20537, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2014 Jun;21(3):659-65. doi: 10.3758/s13423-013-0538-5.
Two experiments investigated whether separate sets of objects viewed in the same environment but from different views were encoded as a single integrated representation or maintained as distinct representations. Participants viewed two circular layouts of objects that were placed around them in a round (Experiment 1) or a square (Experiment 2) room and were later tested on perspective-taking trials requiring retrieval of either one layout (within-layout trials) or both layouts (between-layout trials). Results from Experiment 1 indicated that participants did not integrate the two layouts into a single representation. Imagined perspective taking was more efficient on within- than on between-layout trials. Furthermore, performance for within-layout trials was best from the perspective that each layout was studied. Results from Experiment 2 indicated that the stable environmental reference frame provided by the square room caused many, but not all, participants to integrate all locations within a common representation. Participants who integrated performed equally well for within-layout and between-layout judgments and also represented both layouts using a common reference frame. Overall, these findings highlight the flexibility of organizing information in spatial memory.
两项实验探究了在相同环境中从不同视角观看的不同物体集合是被编码为单一的整合表征，还是被保持为不同的表征。参与者观看了放置在圆形（实验1）或方形（实验2）房间周围的两组圆形物体布局，随后在需要回忆其中一组布局（组内试验）或两组布局（组间试验）的换位思考试验中接受测试。实验1的结果表明，参与者没有将两组布局整合为单一表征。在组内试验中进行想象性换位思考比在组间试验中更高效。此外，从研究每组布局的视角来看，组内试验的表现最佳。实验2的结果表明，方形房间提供的稳定环境参照系使许多（但不是所有）参与者将所有位置整合在一个共同表征中。进行整合的参与者在组内判断和组间判断中的表现同样出色，并且也使用共同参照系来表征两组布局。总体而言，这些发现凸显了空间记忆中组织信息的灵活性。
