FB 2, Mikrobiologie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Strasse, D-2800, Bremen 33, FRG.
Microb Ecol. 1988 Jul;16(1):31-48. doi: 10.1007/BF02097403.
Bacterial cell numbers obtained from 103 water and sediment samples from a Pleistocene sandy aquifer in the Lower Rhine region (Bocholt, FRG) were determinated on P-agar and by direct count. Below 5 m under the surface, colony-forming unit (cfu) numbers in water samples were less than 100/ml, and in many cases less than 50/ml. In sediment samples, they were 10- to 100-fold higher (10(2)-10(4) cfu/g dry wt), but changing markedly between different depths. Direct cell counts yielded numbers two to three orders of magnitude higher.About 2,700 strains of bacteria from 60 samples were isolated randomly and characterized by morphological and physiological properties. Of all the isolates, 71.6% were gram-negative, and 52.2% were gram-negative straight rods. Water communities, with one exception, had low proportions of gram-positive bacteria (<11%), whereas in all but one of the sediment communities percentages of gram-positive isolates were three- to sevenfold higher (35-43%). Water and sediment communities, as well as communities from different sampling sites and communities from different depths of the same sampling site, differed in their qualitative and quantitative morphotype composition and physiological capabilities.The in vitro activities of strains within a single community were quite different, indicating that each community is composed of many diverse bacteria, several having extremely different capabilities. Thus, each community has its own specific activity pattern. Gram-positive bacteria showed on an average lower total activities than did gram-negative bacteria. Grampositive bacteria as well as gram-negative bacteria from sediment had higher values of in vitro activities than the corresponding groups isolated from water. Many water and sediment bacteria preferred the same substrates which were utilized at high rates. However, there were differences in the degradation of the various other substrates present, and each community showed preferences for particular substrates, which they degraded best.The results of cell morphology and physiology studies indicated that all eight characterized communities were very different from one another and very diversely structured.
从下莱茵地区（德国博霍尔特）更新世砂含水层的 103 个水和沉积物样本中获得的细菌细胞数量，在 P-琼脂和直接计数上进行了测定。在地表以下 5 米以下，水样中的菌落形成单位（cfu）数量小于 100/ml，在许多情况下小于 50/ml。在沉积物样本中，它们的数量是 10 到 100 倍（10(2)-10(4) cfu/g 干重），但在不同深度之间变化显著。直接细胞计数得到的数量高出两到三个数量级。从 60 个样本中随机分离并通过形态和生理特性进行特征描述的约 2700 株细菌。所有分离株中，71.6%为革兰氏阴性，52.2%为革兰氏阴性直杆菌。除一个例外，所有水样群落中革兰氏阳性菌的比例均较低（<11%），而除一个例外，所有沉积物群落中革兰氏阳性菌的比例均高出三到七倍（35-43%）。水和沉积物群落以及来自不同采样点和同一采样点不同深度的群落，在其定性和定量形态组成和生理能力方面存在差异。同一群落内的菌株的体外活性差异很大，表明每个群落由许多不同的细菌组成，其中一些具有极其不同的能力。因此，每个群落都有自己特定的活性模式。革兰氏阳性菌的总活性平均低于革兰氏阴性菌。与相应的从水中分离出的菌相比，来自沉积物的革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的体外活性值更高。许多水和沉积物细菌更喜欢同样的基质，并且以高速率利用这些基质。然而，存在其他各种基质的降解差异，并且每个群落对特定的基质表现出偏好，它们对这些基质的降解最好。细胞形态和生理研究的结果表明，所有八个特征群落彼此之间存在很大差异，结构非常多样化。
