Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, A1B 3X9, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada,
Psychon Bull Rev. 1995 Mar;2(1):130-4. doi: 10.3758/BF03214419.
We investigated the presence of intrusions in preschoolers' memories for traumatic incidents by examining 30-, 36-, and 48-month-olds' initial and 6-month recall of traumatic events that required emergency room treatment. The basic findings were (1) the number of preschoolers who produced an intrusion at the 6th month's interview declined with age, (2) only the youngest preschoolers produced reliably more intrusions at 6 months than initially, (3) the amount of intruded information did not vary with age, and (4) the amount of information correctly recalled about the target traumatic event increased with age and was not affected by the presence of intrusions at any age. That preschoolers were able to recall considerable information concerning the target event, regardless of whether they did or did not produce intrusions, has implications for the veracity of their memories of trauma in real-life situations over extended retention intervals.
我们通过考察 30 个月、36 个月和 48 个月大的幼儿在需要急诊治疗的创伤性事件发生后的最初记忆和 6 个月后的回忆，来研究幼儿创伤记忆中是否存在侵入记忆。基本发现如下：(1) 在 6 个月访谈时产生侵入记忆的幼儿数量随年龄增长而减少；(2) 只有最小的幼儿在 6 个月时比最初时更可靠地产生更多的侵入记忆；(3) 侵入的信息量与年龄无关；(4) 与目标创伤性事件相关的正确回忆信息的数量随年龄增长而增加，且在任何年龄阶段都不受侵入记忆的影响。幼儿能够回忆起有关目标事件的大量信息，无论他们是否产生侵入记忆，这对他们在现实生活中延长保留间隔后创伤记忆的真实性具有重要意义。
