Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2013 Nov 11;8(11):e80081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080081. eCollection 2013.
Although surveillance efforts that monitor the emergence of drug-resistant strains of influenza are critical, systematic analysis is overlooked in most developing countries. We report on the occurrence of strains of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 with resistance and decreased susceptibility to oseltamivir (OST) in Brazil in 2009, 2011 and 2012. We found 7 mutant viruses, 2 with the mutation S247N and other 5 with the mutation H275Y. Most of these viruses were from samples concentrated in the southern region of Brazil. Some of these resistant viruses were detected prior to the initiation of OST treatment, suggesting that community transmission of mutant viruses may exist. Moreover, we show that one of these OST-resistant (H275Y) strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 was discovered in the tri-border region between Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay, highlighting that this strain could also be found in other Latin American countries. Our findings reinforce the importance of enhanced antiviral resistance surveillance in Brazil and in other Latin American countries to confirm or rule out the community transmission of OST-resistant strains of A(H1N1)pdm09.
尽管监测抗药性流感菌株出现的监测工作至关重要，但在大多数发展中国家，系统分析却被忽视了。我们报告了 2009 年、2011 年和 2012 年巴西出现的具有抗药性和奥司他韦（OST）敏感性降低的大流行性流感 A(H1N1)pdm09 株。我们发现了 7 种突变病毒，其中 2 种具有 S247N 突变，另外 5 种具有 H275Y 突变。这些病毒大多来自巴西南部地区的样本集中。其中一些耐药病毒在开始 OST 治疗之前就被检测到，这表明可能存在突变病毒的社区传播。此外，我们还发现，在巴西、阿根廷和巴拉圭三国交界地区发现了一株对 OST 耐药（H275Y）的 A(H1N1)pdm09 株，这突出表明该株也可能存在于其他拉丁美洲国家。我们的研究结果强调了在巴西和其他拉丁美洲国家加强抗病毒耐药性监测的重要性，以确认或排除 A(H1N1)pdm09 对 OST 耐药株的社区传播。
