Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Respirology. 2014 Jan;19(1):38-46. doi: 10.1111/resp.12204. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
Pulse oximetry provides a simple, non-invasive approximation of arterial oxygenation in a wide variety of clinical settings including emergency and critical-care medicine, hospital-based and ambulatory care, perioperative monitoring, inpatient and outpatient settings, and for specific diagnostic applications. Pulse oximetry is of utility in perinatal, paediatric, adult and geriatric populations but may require use of age-specific sensors in these groups. It plays a role in the monitoring and treatment of respiratory dysfunction by detecting hypoxaemia and is effective in guiding oxygen therapy in both adult and paediatric populations. Pulse oximetry does not provide information about the adequacy of ventilation or about precise arterial oxygenation, particularly when arterial oxygen levels are very high or very low. Arterial blood gas analysis is the gold standard in these settings. Pulse oximetry may be inaccurate as a marker of oxygenation in the presence of dyshaemoglobinaemias such as carbon monoxide poisoning or methaemoglobinaemia where arterial oxygen saturation values will be overestimated. Technical considerations such as sensor position, signal averaging time and data sampling rates may influence clinical interpretation of pulse oximetry readings.
脉搏血氧饱和度测定法在广泛的临床环境中提供了一种简单、无创的动脉氧合近似值，包括急诊和危重病医学、医院和门诊护理、围手术期监测、住院和门诊环境以及特定的诊断应用。脉搏血氧饱和度测定法在围产期、儿科、成人和老年人群中都有一定的用处，但在这些人群中可能需要使用特定年龄的传感器。它通过检测低氧血症在呼吸功能障碍的监测和治疗中发挥作用，并且在成人和儿科人群中都能有效地指导氧疗。脉搏血氧饱和度测定法不能提供关于通气充足性或关于精确动脉氧合的信息，特别是当动脉氧水平非常高或非常低时。在这些情况下，动脉血气分析是金标准。在存在高铁血红蛋白血症或碳氧血红蛋白血症等血液中异常血红蛋白的情况下，脉搏血氧饱和度测定法作为氧合标志物可能不准确，因为此时动脉血氧饱和度值会被高估。技术因素，如传感器位置、信号平均时间和数据采样率，可能会影响对脉搏血氧饱和度测定法读数的临床解释。
