Ribeiro Sofia, Monteiro Marta, Moreira Bruno, França Margarida
Department of Medicine, CHP, Porto, Portugal.
BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Nov 19;2013:bcr2013201495. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201495.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an uncommon neurological disorder, characterised by the rapid onset of neurological deficits and characteristic neuroimaging findings-cerebral oedema with a typical preference for the posterior white matter. We report a case of a 59-year-old woman with an untreated HIV infection and hypertension with a PRES diagnosis and a rare involvement of the basal ganglia and brainstem, with microhemorrhages. HIV infection, particularly if untreated, is associated with an inflammatory status and therefore endothelial damage and dysfunction that might have an important role in predisposing acute hypertensive crisis and PRES.
后部可逆性脑病综合征（PRES）是一种罕见的神经系统疾病，其特征为神经功能缺损迅速出现以及特征性神经影像学表现——脑水肿，典型地好发于后部白质。我们报告一例59岁未接受治疗的HIV感染合并高血压女性患者，诊断为PRES，基底节和脑干罕见受累且伴有微出血。HIV感染，尤其是未经治疗时，与炎症状态相关，因此可能在急性高血压危象和PRES的易患因素中，内皮损伤和功能障碍起重要作用。
