Departments of Nutrition and Internal Medicine, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1987 Dec;14(3):193-208. doi: 10.1007/BF02795686.
The toxic effect of vanadium (sodium metavanadate) during pregnancy and lactation was studied by feeding vanadium to pregnant, Sprague-Dawley rats at levels of 1 (control) or 75 μg V/g diet through d 21 postpartum, at which time they were killed. Vanadium-fed dams had lower food intakes and weight gains than controls during pregnancy. Survival until d 21 postpartum was significantly lower in the vanadium pups compared to controls. In addition, the surviving pups gained less weight than control pups, despite similar birth weights. On a relative body weight basis, vanadium pups had larger livers, brains, and testes than controls, suggesting that these animals were developmentally delayed. Vanadium dams and pups had higher concentrations of hepatic vanadium than controls. Vanadium pups also had higher concentrations of hepatic zinc than control pups. Maternal hepatic zinc concentrations were not affected by diet. Also, no significant differences in hepatic iron, copper, or manganese concentrations were observed for either dams or pups. Hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactivity was higher in whole cell and isolated mitochondria for vanadium dams and pups than for control dams and pups, indicating that these animals may have had higher levels of lipid peroxidation. This idea was supported by the observation of lower concentrations of reduced glutathione in the livers of vanadium pups compared to controls. In contrast, kidney and brain glutathione levels were not affected by diet. In conclusion, animals during periods of rapid growth are susceptible to vanadium toxicity, and increased lipid peroxidation may be one factor underlying this toxicity.
孕期和哺乳期钒（偏钒酸钠）的毒性作用是通过给怀孕的 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠喂食钒来研究的，喂食水平为 1（对照）或 75μg V/g 饮食，直至产后 21 天，此时将它们杀死。与对照组相比，喂食钒的母鼠在怀孕期间的食物摄入量和体重增加均较低。与对照组相比，钒幼鼠的存活率直到产后 21 天明显较低。此外，尽管出生体重相似，但幸存的幼鼠体重增长不如对照组幼鼠。相对于体重，钒幼鼠的肝脏、大脑和睾丸比对照组大，表明这些动物的发育延迟。钒母鼠和幼鼠的肝脏钒浓度高于对照组。钒幼鼠的肝脏锌浓度也高于对照组幼鼠。膳食对母鼠的肝锌浓度没有影响。此外，无论是母鼠还是幼鼠，肝铁、铜或锰浓度均无明显差异。钒母鼠和幼鼠的全细胞和分离线粒体的肝硫代巴比妥酸反应性高于对照组母鼠和幼鼠，表明这些动物可能有更高水平的脂质过氧化。这一观点得到了以下观察结果的支持：与对照组相比，钒幼鼠肝脏中的还原型谷胱甘肽浓度较低。相比之下，饮食对肾脏和大脑中的谷胱甘肽水平没有影响。总之，处于快速生长阶段的动物易受钒毒性的影响，而增加的脂质过氧化可能是这种毒性的一个因素。
