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荷兰的研究生医学培训现代化是否成功?荷兰医学协会研究生医学教育特别兴趣小组的观点。

Is the modernisation of postgraduate medical training in the Netherlands successful? Views of the NVMO Special Interest Group on Postgraduate Medical Education.

机构信息

VU University Medical Centre , The Netherlands.

出版信息

Med Teach. 2014 Feb;36(2):116-20. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2013.849333. Epub 2013 Nov 20.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Worldwide, the modernisation of medical education is leading to the design and implementation of new postgraduate curricula. In this article, the Special Interest Group for postgraduate medical education of the Netherlands Association for Medical Education (NVMO) reports on the experiences in the Netherlands.

AIM

To provide insight into the shift in the aims of postgraduate training, as well as into the diffusion of distinct curricular activities, introduced during the process of modernisation.

METHODS

Based on three levels of training described by Frenk et al., the process of modernisation in the Netherlands is reviewed in a narrative way, using the expert views of the NVMO-SIG on PGME as a source of information.

RESULTS

Educational science has effectively been incorporated and has until now mainly been applied on the level of informative learning to create 'medical expertise'. Implementing change on the level of formative learning for 'professional performance' has until now been a slow and arduous process, but the concept of reflection on practice has been firmly embraced. The training on the level of transformative learning is still in its early stages.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The discussion about the aims of modern medical education could benefit from a more structured and transdisciplinary approach. Research is warranted on the interface between health care provision and those sciences that specialise in generic professional skills and in the societal context. Training professionals and educating 'enlightened change agents' for transformation in health care requires more governance and support from academic leaders with a broader perspective on the future of health care.

摘要

背景

在全球范围内,医学教育的现代化正在导致新的研究生课程的设计和实施。本文报告了荷兰医学教育协会(NVMO)研究生医学教育特别兴趣小组在荷兰的经验。

目的

了解研究生培训目标的转变,以及在现代化进程中引入的不同课程活动的传播。

方法

基于 Frenk 等人描述的三个培训层次,本文以 NVMO-SIG 对 PGME 的专家意见为信息来源,以叙述的方式回顾荷兰的现代化进程。

结果

教育科学已被有效纳入,迄今为止主要应用于信息学习层面,以培养“医学专业知识”。在形成性学习层面上实施“专业表现”的变革迄今是一个缓慢而艰巨的过程,但对实践反思的概念已被牢固接受。变革性学习层面的培训仍处于早期阶段。

结论和建议

关于现代医学教育目标的讨论可以从更结构化和跨学科的方法中受益。需要在医疗保健提供与专门研究通用专业技能和社会背景的科学之间的接口进行研究。培训专业人员和教育“开明的变革推动者”以实现医疗保健的变革需要更多来自具有更广阔医疗保健未来视角的学术领导者的治理和支持。

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