Rentz Dorene M, Parra Rodriguez Mario A, Amariglio Rebecca, Stern Yaakov, Sperling Reisa, Ferris Steven
Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Departments of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Cognitive Aging and Cognitive Epidemiology, Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre and Scottish Dementia Clinical Research Network, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
Alzheimers Res Ther. 2013 Nov 21;5(6):58. doi: 10.1186/alzrt222. eCollection 2013.
Recently published guidelines suggest that the most opportune time to treat individuals with Alzheimer's disease is during the preclinical phase of the disease. This is a phase when individuals are defined as clinically normal but exhibit evidence of amyloidosis, neurodegeneration and subtle cognitive/behavioral decline. While our standard cognitive tests are useful for detecting cognitive decline at the stage of mild cognitive impairment, they were not designed for detecting the subtle cognitive variations associated with this biomarker stage of preclinical Alzheimer's disease. However, neuropsychologists are attempting to meet this challenge by designing newer cognitive measures and questionnaires derived from translational efforts in neuroimaging, cognitive neuroscience and clinical/experimental neuropsychology. This review is a selective summary of several novel, potentially promising, approaches that are being explored for detecting early cognitive evidence of preclinical Alzheimer's disease in presymptomatic individuals.
最近发布的指南表明，治疗阿尔茨海默病患者的最佳时机是在疾病的临床前期。在此阶段，个体在临床上被定义为正常，但已表现出淀粉样变性、神经退行性变以及轻微认知/行为衰退的迹象。虽然我们的标准认知测试有助于检测轻度认知障碍阶段的认知衰退，但它们并非为检测与临床前期阿尔茨海默病这一生物标志物阶段相关的细微认知变化而设计。然而，神经心理学家正试图通过设计更新的认知测量方法和源自神经影像学、认知神经科学及临床/实验神经心理学转化研究的问卷来应对这一挑战。本综述对几种新颖且颇具潜力的方法进行了选择性总结，这些方法正被用于探索在症状出现前的个体中检测临床前期阿尔茨海默病的早期认知证据。
