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视频中缺少了一些内容:一种针对《一盎司预防》的替代教学方法。

Something's missing from the video: An alternative instructional approach to "An Ounce of Prevention".

作者信息

Wright D D

机构信息

care of the Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, P.O. box 819, 08855-0819, Piscataway, New Jersey.

出版信息

J Prim Prev. 1993 Dec;14(2):149-66. doi: 10.1007/BF01325559.

Abstract

The question of why there is a need to be aware of the theoretical principles of prevention and prevention programs raises several responses. First, there appears to be higher incidents of inadequate responses to the transitions of life, normative and otherwise, as indicated by the scope of the projects presented in the video. Instead of alleviating the frustration and stress associated with change, and thereby reducing the incidence of disorders within the community, inadequate coping mechanisms exacerbate the impact of the change on the individual. Therefore, programs which develop social skills that alleviate the impact of stressors on the individual will reduce the overall impact of disorders in the community.Second, there has been a general decrease in the number of services which adequately address health related needs on the federal, state, local, and private levels. For those who are in need of service, this lack of availability compounded with the lack of community, relegates the individual to a life of isolation. A core theme that emerged from the video was when individuals are isolated from the community there is a higher occurrence of poor coping mechanisms in response to stressors.Third, as general health care moves towards the 21st century, managed health care systems are becoming the mode of accepted treatment. In an attempt to keep the cost of health care reasonable, many facilities are encouraging their participants to seek resolution to problems before they become detrimental to the overall well being of the participants.Lastly, as professional in the fields of psychology, sociology, and public policy, it is imperative that a thorough understanding of the ideological principles of prevention and prevention programs are presented to ensure the development of programs which adequately meet the needs of future societies.

摘要

为何有必要了解预防的理论原则及预防项目这一问题引发了多种回应。首先,正如视频中所展示项目的范围所表明的那样,对于生活转变(无论是正常的还是其他的),应对不足的情况似乎更为常见。应对机制不足非但没有减轻与变化相关的挫折感和压力,从而降低社区内疾病的发生率,反而加剧了变化对个人的影响。因此,培养能减轻压力源对个人影响的社交技能的项目,将减少社区内疾病的总体影响。其次,在联邦、州、地方和私人层面,能充分满足与健康相关需求的服务数量普遍减少。对于那些需要服务的人来说,这种服务缺失再加上缺乏社区支持,使个人陷入孤立的生活。视频中出现的一个核心主题是,当个人与社区隔离时,面对压力源会出现更多不良应对机制。第三,随着普通医疗保健迈向21世纪,管理式医疗保健系统正成为被接受的治疗模式。为了使医疗保健成本保持合理,许多机构鼓励其参与者在问题对参与者的整体健康造成损害之前寻求解决办法。最后,作为心理学、社会学和公共政策领域的专业人士,必须全面理解预防的思想原则及预防项目,以确保开发出能充分满足未来社会需求的项目。

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