Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.
J Nutr. 2014 Jan;144(1):55-60. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.183012. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
The relation between dietary magnesium intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or mortality was evaluated in several prospective studies, but few of them have assessed the risk of all-cause mortality, which has never been evaluated in Mediterranean adults at high cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to assess the association between magnesium intake and CVD and mortality risk in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk with high average magnesium intake. The present study included 7216 men and women aged 55-80 y from the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study, a randomized clinical trial. Participants were assigned to 1 of 2 Mediterranean diets (supplemented with nuts or olive oil) or to a control diet (advice on a low-fat diet). Mortality was ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index and medical records. We fitted multivariable-adjusted Cox regressions to assess associations between baseline energy-adjusted tertiles of magnesium intake and relative risk of CVD and mortality. Multivariable analyses with generalized estimating equation models were used to assess the associations between yearly repeated measurements of magnesium intake and mortality. After a median follow-up of 4.8 y, 323 total deaths, 81 cardiovascular deaths, 130 cancer deaths, and 277 cardiovascular events occurred. Energy-adjusted baseline magnesium intake was inversely associated with cardiovascular, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Compared with lower consumers, individuals in the highest tertile of magnesium intake had a 34% reduction in mortality risk (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.95; P < 0.01). Dietary magnesium intake was inversely associated with mortality risk in Mediterranean individuals at high risk of CVD. This trial was registered at controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN35739639.
在几项前瞻性研究中评估了膳食镁摄入量与心血管疾病 (CVD) 或死亡率之间的关系，但其中很少有研究评估全因死亡率的风险，而这在高心血管风险的地中海成年人中从未得到评估。本研究旨在评估高心血管风险的地中海人群中镁摄入量与 CVD 和死亡率风险之间的关联，该人群的镁平均摄入量较高。本研究纳入了 PREDIMED（地中海饮食预防）研究中的 7216 名年龄在 55-80 岁的男性和女性，这是一项随机临床试验。参与者被分配到 2 种地中海饮食之一（补充坚果或橄榄油）或对照饮食（低脂饮食建议）。通过与国家死亡指数和医疗记录的链接来确定死亡率。我们使用多变量调整的 Cox 回归来评估基线能量调整的镁摄入量三分位与 CVD 和死亡率的相对风险之间的关联。使用广义估计方程模型的多变量分析用于评估镁摄入量的年度重复测量与死亡率之间的关联。在中位数 4.8 年的随访后，发生了 323 例总死亡、81 例心血管死亡、130 例癌症死亡和 277 例心血管事件。能量调整后的基线镁摄入量与心血管、癌症和全因死亡率呈负相关。与低摄入量者相比，镁摄入量最高三分位者的死亡率风险降低了 34%（HR：0.66；95%CI：0.45，0.95；P<0.01）。在高 CVD 风险的地中海人群中，膳食镁摄入量与死亡率风险呈负相关。该试验在 controlled-trials.com 上注册为 ISRCTN35739639。
