McKinlay Audrey, Corrigan J, Horwood L J, Fergusson D M
Monash University, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, Australia (Dr McKinlay); Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand (Dr McKinlay); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio (Dr Corrigan); and Christchurch Health and Development Study, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand (Mr Horwood and Dr Fergusson).
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2014 Nov-Dec;29(6):498-506. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000001.
Use a longitudinal birth cohort to evaluate the association of traumatic brain injury at ages 0 to 5, 6 to 15, and 16 to 21 years with drug and alcohol abuse and engagement in criminal activities.
Follow-up over 21 to 25 years using self-report of drug and alcohol use, arrests, and violent and property offenses. Outcomes were assessed for 2 levels of severity (inpatient, hospitalized; outpatient, seen by general practitioner or at emergency department).
Members of the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a longitudinal birth cohort.
Christchurch, New Zealand.
Adjusted for child and family factors, compared with noninjured individuals, inpatients injured at 0 to 5 years or 16 to 21 years were more likely to have symptoms consistent with drug dependence. All inpatient groups had increased risk of arrest, with the age groups of 0 to 5 and 6 to 15 years more likely to be involved in violent offenses and the age group of 0 to 5 years more likely to engage in property offenses. Outpatient group had an increased risk of violent offenses for first injury 0 to 5 years, arrests and property offenses for injury 6 to 15 years, and increased risk of arrests and violent offenses for injury 16 to 21 years of age. However, when alcohol dependence and drug dependence were added as an additional covariate, traumatic brain injury was no longer associated with criminal behavior for the age group of 0 to 5 years.
Traumatic brain injury is associated with increased criminal behavior and may represent a risk factor for offending. However, early substance use is a mediating factor for those injured early in life.
利用一个纵向出生队列评估0至5岁、6至15岁以及16至21岁时的创伤性脑损伤与药物和酒精滥用以及参与犯罪活动之间的关联。
通过自我报告药物和酒精使用情况、被捕情况以及暴力和财产犯罪情况进行21至25年的随访。针对两种严重程度水平（住院治疗；门诊治疗，由全科医生诊治或在急诊科就诊）评估结果。
克赖斯特彻奇健康与发展研究的成员，一个纵向出生队列。
新西兰克赖斯特彻奇。
在对儿童和家庭因素进行调整后，与未受伤个体相比，0至5岁或16至21岁时受伤的住院患者更有可能出现与药物依赖相符的症状。所有住院患者组被捕风险均增加，0至5岁和6至15岁年龄组更有可能涉及暴力犯罪，0至5岁年龄组更有可能实施财产犯罪。门诊患者组在0至5岁首次受伤时暴力犯罪风险增加，6至15岁受伤时被捕和财产犯罪风险增加，16至21岁受伤时被捕和暴力犯罪风险增加。然而，当将酒精依赖和药物依赖作为额外协变量纳入时，0至5岁年龄组的创伤性脑损伤与犯罪行为不再相关。
创伤性脑损伤与犯罪行为增加有关，可能是犯罪的一个风险因素。然而，早期物质使用是早年受伤者的一个中介因素。
