Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
J Am Chem Soc. 2013 Dec 11;135(49):18238-47. doi: 10.1021/ja408645b. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
The formation of anisotropic Au nanoparticles predominantly follows one of two growth pathways: (1) kinetic control or (2) selective surface passivation. This Perspective describes the mechanisms that control Au nanoparticle shape via these pathways in the context of three basic chemical parameters: metal complex reduction potential, metal ion availability, and adsorbate binding strength. These chemical parameters influence the crystallinity and surface facets of the Au nanoparticles, thus dictating particle shape. Understanding nanoparticle growth mechanisms in terms of simple chemical principles enables mechanistic insights to be more easily applied to other syntheses and gives them greater predictive power in the development of new preparations of metal nanoparticles with well-defined shapes. Background information regarding the growth of Au nanoparticles with control over shape is also provided, along with a perspective on unanswered mechanistic questions in noble-metal nanoparticle synthesis and promising directions for future studies.
（1）动力学控制或（2）选择性表面钝化。本观点从三个基本化学参数的角度描述了通过这些途径控制金纳米粒子形状的机制：金属配合物还原电位、金属离子可用性和吸附物结合强度。这些化学参数影响金纳米粒子的结晶度和表面面，从而决定了粒子的形状。根据简单的化学原理理解纳米粒子的生长机制，可以更轻松地将机理见解应用于其他合成，并在开发具有明确定形的金属纳米粒子的新制备方法方面提供更大的预测能力。本文还提供了有关控制金纳米粒子形状的生长的背景信息，并对贵金属纳米粒子合成中未解决的机理问题以及未来研究的有前景的方向进行了展望。
