Bhakdi S, Tranum-Jensen J
Biochem Soc Symp. 1985;50:221-33.
One mechanism through which cells can be damaged involves insertion of alien proteins into the membrane bilayer and the formation of hydrophilic transmembrane pores. Three examples for this process are discussed, namely membrane damage by staphylococcal alpha-toxin, streptolysin-O, and by the terminal C5b-9 complement complex. Common to all is the principle of a transition of the proteins from a water-soluble state to an amphiphilic state, occurring through the appearance or exposure of apolar surfaces during oligomerization of the protein molecules into supramolecular aggregates. The resulting complexes or protein oligomers insert spontaneously into the target lipid bilayer and assume properties akin to those of integral membrane proteins. The protein channels can be isolated from membranes after their solubilization by mild detergents and characterized on a bio-immunochemical and ultrastructural level.
细胞受损的一种机制涉及外来蛋白质插入膜双层并形成亲水性跨膜孔。本文讨论了该过程的三个例子，即葡萄球菌α毒素、链球菌溶血素O以及终末C5b-9补体复合物造成的膜损伤。它们的共同之处在于，蛋白质分子在寡聚形成超分子聚集体的过程中，通过非极性表面的出现或暴露，从水溶性状态转变为两亲性状态。由此产生的复合物或蛋白质寡聚物会自发插入靶脂质双层，并呈现出类似于整合膜蛋白的特性。在用温和去污剂溶解后，蛋白质通道可从膜中分离出来，并在生物免疫化学和超微结构水平上进行表征。
