Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Veterinary Medecine Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PO Box 10.011, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil.
Toxins (Basel). 2013 Nov 28;5(12):2341-52. doi: 10.3390/toxins5122341.
Fusariotoxins such as fumonisin B1 (FB1) and deoxynivalenol (DON) cause deleterious effects on the intestine of pigs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these mycotoxins, alone and in combination, on jejunal explants from piglets, using histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural assays. Five 24-day old pigs were used for sampling the explants. Forty-eight explants were sampled from each animal. Explants were incubated for 4 hours in culture medium and medium containing FB1 (100 µM), DON (10 µM) and both mycotoxins (100 µM FB1 plus 10 µM DON). Exposure to all treatments induced a significant decrease in the normal intestinal morphology and in the number of goblet cells, which were more severe in explants exposed to DON and both mycotoxins. A significant reduction in villus height occurred in groups treated with DON and with co-contamination. Expression of E-cadherin was significantly reduced in explants exposed to FB1 (40%), DON (93%) and FB1 plus DON (100%). The ultrastructural assay showed increased intercellular spaces and no junction complexes on enterocytes exposed to mycotoxins. The present data indicate that FB1 and DON induce changes in cell junction complexes that could contribute to increase paracellular permeability. The ex vivo model was adequate for assessing intestinal toxicity induced by exposure of isolated or associated concentrations of 100 µM of FB1 and 10 µM of DON.
镰刀菌毒素，如伏马菌素 B1（FB1）和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON），对猪的肠道有有害影响。本研究的目的是使用组织学、免疫组织化学和超微结构检测方法，评估这些霉菌毒素单独和联合作用对仔猪空肠外植体的影响。使用 5 只 24 天大的猪进行外植体取样。每只动物共取样 48 个外植体。外植体在含有 FB1（100 μM）、DON（10 μM）和两种霉菌毒素（100 μM FB1 加 10 μM DON）的培养基中孵育 4 小时。所有处理均导致正常肠道形态和杯状细胞数量显著减少，而 DON 和两种霉菌毒素暴露的外植体更为严重。暴露于 DON 和共污染的外植体的绒毛高度显著降低。E-钙黏蛋白的表达在暴露于 FB1（40%）、DON（93%）和 FB1 加 DON（100%）的外植体中显著降低。超微结构检测显示，细胞间空间增加，细胞间连接复合物缺失，暴露于霉菌毒素的肠细胞中没有出现。这些数据表明，FB1 和 DON 诱导细胞连接复合物发生变化，可能导致细胞旁通透性增加。该离体模型可用于评估单独或联合暴露于 100 μM FB1 和 10 μM DON 浓度时引起的肠道毒性。
