1 Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2014 Mar;23(3):253-9. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2013.4387. Epub 2013 Dec 3.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as violence committed by a current or former boyfriend or girlfriend, spouse or ex-spouse. Each year, 1.3 to 5.3 million women in the United States experience IPV. The large number of individuals affected, the enormous healthcare costs, and the need for a multidisciplinary approach make IPV an important healthcare issue. The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) addresses domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking. It emphasizes development of coordinated community care among law enforcement, prosecutors, victim services, and attorneys. VAWA was not reauthorized in 2012 because it lacked bipartisan support. VAWA 2013 contains much needed new provisions for Native Americans; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, gay, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals; and victims of human trafficking but does not address the large amount of intimate partner violence in America's immigrant population. There are important remaining issues regarding intimate partner violence that need to be addressed by future legislation. This review examines the role of legislation and addresses proposals for helping victims of IPV.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是指当前或前任男友或女友、配偶或前配偶实施的暴力行为。每年，美国有 130 万至 530 万女性经历过 IPV。受影响的人数众多，医疗保健费用巨大，以及需要多学科方法，使 IPV 成为一个重要的医疗保健问题。《暴力侵害妇女法》（VAWA）解决了家庭暴力、约会暴力、性侵犯和跟踪问题。它强调了执法部门、检察官、受害者服务和律师之间协调社区护理的发展。由于缺乏两党支持，VAWA 于 2012 年未获得重新授权。VAWA 2013 为美国原住民、女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别、酷儿（LGBTQ）个人以及人口贩运受害者提供了急需的新规定，但没有解决美国移民人口中大量的亲密伴侣暴力问题。未来的立法仍需要解决亲密伴侣暴力的一些重要遗留问题。这篇综述考察了立法的作用，并提出了帮助 IPV 受害者的建议。
