Division of Biology, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2014 Mar;25(3):845-56. doi: 10.1007/s10856-013-5107-y. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
Several recent research efforts have focused on use of computer-aided additive fabrication technologies, commonly referred to as additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping, solid freeform fabrication, or three-dimensional printing technologies, to create structures for tissue engineering. For example, scaffolds for tissue engineering may be processed using rapid prototyping technologies, which serve as matrices for cell ingrowth, vascularization, as well as transport of nutrients and waste. Stereolithography is a photopolymerization-based rapid prototyping technology that involves computer-driven and spatially controlled irradiation of liquid resin. This technology enables structures with precise microscale features to be prepared directly from a computer model. In this review, use of stereolithography for processing trimethylene carbonate, polycaprolactone, and poly(D,L-lactide) poly(propylene fumarate)-based materials is considered. In addition, incorporation of bioceramic fillers for fabrication of bioceramic scaffolds is reviewed. Use of stereolithography for processing of patient-specific implantable scaffolds is also discussed. In addition, use of photopolymerization-based rapid prototyping technology, known as two-photon polymerization, for production of tissue engineering scaffolds with smaller features than conventional stereolithography technology is considered.
最近有几项研究工作集中在使用计算机辅助添加剂制造技术，通常称为添加剂制造、快速原型制作、无模成型制造或三维打印技术，来创建用于组织工程的结构。例如，组织工程的支架可以使用快速原型制作技术进行加工，这些技术可以作为细胞生长、血管生成以及营养物质和废物运输的基质。立体光刻是一种基于光聚合的快速原型制作技术，涉及计算机驱动和空间控制的液体树脂照射。这项技术可以直接从计算机模型中制备具有精确微观特征的结构。在这篇综述中，考虑了使用立体光刻来加工三亚甲基碳酸酯、聚己内酯和聚(D,L-丙交酯)-聚(富马酸丙烯酯)基材料。此外，还综述了生物陶瓷填料的掺入用于制造生物陶瓷支架。还讨论了使用立体光刻加工患者特定可植入支架的情况。此外，还考虑了使用光聚合快速原型制作技术（称为双光子聚合）来生产比传统立体光刻技术更小特征的组织工程支架。
