Todd Emily Ann, Mirsky Nicholas A, Silva Bruno Luís Graciliano, Shinde Ankita Raja, Arakelians Aris R L, Nayak Vasudev Vivekanand, Marcantonio Rosemary Adriana Chiérici, Gupta Nikhil, Witek Lukasz, Coelho Paulo G
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Biomaterials Division, NYU Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA.
J Funct Biomater. 2024 Sep 25;15(10):280. doi: 10.3390/jfb15100280.
Bone tissue regeneration is a rapidly evolving field aimed at the development of biocompatible materials and devices, such as scaffolds, to treat diseased and damaged osseous tissue. Functional scaffolds maintain structural integrity and provide mechanical support at the defect site during the healing process, while simultaneously enabling or improving regeneration through amplified cellular cues between the scaffold and native tissues. Ample research on functionalization has been conducted to improve scaffold-host tissue interaction, including fabrication techniques, biomaterial selection, scaffold surface modifications, integration of bioactive molecular additives, and post-processing modifications. Each of these methods plays a crucial role in enabling scaffolds to not only support but actively participate in the healing and regeneration process in bone and joint surgery. This review provides a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of the functionalization of scaffold-based strategies used in tissue engineering, specifically for bone regeneration. Critical issues and obstacles are highlighted, applications and advances are described, and future directions are identified.
骨组织再生是一个快速发展的领域，旨在开发生物相容性材料和装置，如支架，以治疗患病和受损的骨组织。功能性支架在愈合过程中保持结构完整性并在缺损部位提供机械支撑，同时通过支架与天然组织之间增强的细胞信号促进或改善再生。已经进行了大量关于功能化的研究，以改善支架与宿主组织的相互作用，包括制造技术、生物材料选择、支架表面修饰、生物活性分子添加剂的整合以及后处理修饰。这些方法中的每一种在使支架不仅能够支持而且能够积极参与骨和关节手术中的愈合和再生过程中都起着至关重要的作用。本综述提供了用于组织工程，特别是骨再生的基于支架策略的功能化的最新、全面概述。突出了关键问题和障碍，描述了应用和进展，并确定了未来方向。
