Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS One. 2013 Nov 29;8(11):e82540. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082540. eCollection 2013.
The immunostimulatory effects of the representative dental resin monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), a HEMA derivative that does not contain a double bond (2-hydroxyethyl isobutyrate, HEIB), and polymerized water-soluble oligomers of HEMA (PHEMA) were investigated. It is known that expression levels of either or both of CD54 and CD86 in THP-1 cells are increased by exposure to sensitizing substances. In this study, the expression levels of CD54 and CD86, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the viability of the cells were measured after 24 h of incubation with these materials at different concentrations. The concentrations of the materials that induced the expression of both CD54 and CD86 were low in the following order: NiSO4, HEMA, and methyl methacrylate (MMA). These results indicate that these dental resin monomers have lower sensitizing potentials than NiSO4. Although HEIB, which lacks a double bond, resulted in negligible ROS production and reduced cytotoxicity than HEMA, it induced the expression of CD54 and CD86. Comparison of the results for HEMA and HEIB indicates that dental resin monomer-induced sensitization may be related not only to the oxidative stress related to the methacryloyl group but also to the structures of these compounds. Of particular interest is the result that a water-soluble PHEMA oligomer with a relatively high-molecular weight also exhibited negligible cytotoxicity, whereas the expression level of CD54 increased after exposure to PHEMA at a high concentration. This result serves as a warning that polymerized substances also have the potential to induce sensitization. This study provides insight into the nature of allergic responses to dental resin materials in clinical use and may facilitate the development of more biocompatible restorative materials in the future.
研究了具有代表性的牙科树脂单体 2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯（HEMA）、不含双键的 HEMA 衍生物 2-羟乙基异丁酸（HEIB）以及 HEMA 的聚合水溶性低聚物（PHEMA）的免疫刺激作用。已知暴露于致敏物质会导致 THP-1 细胞中 CD54 和 CD86 的表达水平增加。在这项研究中，在不同浓度下孵育 24 小时后，测量了这些材料对 CD54 和 CD86 的表达水平、活性氧物质（ROS）的产生以及细胞活力。诱导 CD54 和 CD86 表达的材料浓度按以下顺序降低：NiSO4、HEMA 和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）。这些结果表明，这些牙科树脂单体的致敏潜力低于 NiSO4。尽管缺乏双键的 HEIB 导致的 ROS 产生可忽略不计，且细胞毒性低于 HEMA，但它诱导了 CD54 和 CD86 的表达。HEMA 和 HEIB 的结果比较表明，牙科树脂单体诱导的致敏作用不仅与与甲基丙烯酰基相关的氧化应激有关，还与这些化合物的结构有关。特别值得注意的是，具有相对高分子量的水溶性 PHEMA 低聚物也表现出可忽略不计的细胞毒性，而在高浓度暴露于 PHEMA 后 CD54 的表达水平增加。这一结果提醒人们，聚合物质也有可能引起致敏反应。本研究深入了解了临床使用的牙科树脂材料的过敏反应性质，并可能有助于未来开发更具生物相容性的修复材料。
