Postgraduate School in Orthodontics Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2013 Dec;14(4):314-8.
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in a sample of 3,017 Italian schoolchildren.
1,375 males and 1,642 females, aged between 8 and 13 years, were visited in primary and secondary schools. Signs of malocclusion were registered according to an occlusal index by trained and calibrated operators. First the prevalence of malocclusion was calculated in accordance to a scale of need for orthodontic treatment (R.O.M.A. index), which considers both malocclusion signs and risk factors for worsening of malocclusion without any treatment and during craniofacial development. Then the distribution of the most frequent characteristics, signs and symptoms was evaluated both within each risk grade and in the basic sample.
The overall percentage of children classified as 3, 4 and 5 grade accounted for 75.8% of the sample. The percentage of children classified as 4 and 5 grade are similar to those found in other European countries. The most frequent features found are poor oral hygiene, caries and early loss of deciduous teeth, deviation from full intercuspation, increased overbite and overjet.
This epidemiological research describes the current orthodontic treatment need in Italy in children with a late mixed dentition.
本研究旨在评估意大利 3017 名学龄儿童样本的错颌畸形患病率和正畸治疗需求。
在小学和中学，共对 1375 名男性和 1642 名女性（年龄在 8 至 13 岁之间）进行了调查。受过培训且经过校准的操作人员根据咬合指数记录错颌畸形的迹象。首先，根据正畸治疗需求（R.O.M.A. 指数）的等级计算错颌畸形的患病率，该指数考虑了未经治疗以及在颅面发育过程中错颌畸形恶化的风险因素和错颌畸形迹象。然后，在每个风险等级内和基本样本中，评估了最常见特征、迹象和症状的分布情况。
总体而言，被归类为 3、4 和 5 级的儿童占样本的 75.8%。被归类为 4 级和 5 级的儿童比例与其他欧洲国家相似。最常见的特征是口腔卫生不良、龋齿和乳牙早失、完全咬合偏离、深覆颌和深覆盖增加。
本流行病学研究描述了意大利儿童在混合牙列晚期的当前正畸治疗需求。
