Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Semin Radiat Oncol. 2014 Jan;24(1):35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2013.08.004.
Radiation oncology encompasses a diverse spectrum of treatment modalities, including stereotactic radiosurgery, hypofractionated radiotherapy, and brachytherapy. Though all these modalities generally aim to do the same thing-treat cancer with therapeutic doses of radiation while relatively sparing normal tissue from excessive toxicity, the general radiobiology and physics underlying each modality are distinct enough that their equivalence is not a given. Given the continued innovation in radiation oncology, the comparative effectiveness of these modalities is important to review. Given the broad scope of radiation oncology, this article focuses on the 3 most common sites requiring radiation treatment: breast, prostate, and lung cancer.
放射肿瘤学涵盖了多种治疗方式，包括立体定向放射外科、分次放疗和近距离放疗。虽然所有这些方式的总体目标都是相同的——用治疗剂量的辐射治疗癌症，同时使正常组织免受过度毒性的影响，但每种方式背后的一般放射生物学和物理学基础是不同的，因此它们的等效性并非是既定的。鉴于放射肿瘤学的持续创新，这些方式的比较有效性值得回顾。鉴于放射肿瘤学的广泛范围，本文重点介绍了 3 个最常见需要放射治疗的部位：乳腺癌、前列腺癌和肺癌。
