Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
J Clin Lipidol. 2013 Nov-Dec;7(6):653-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2013.06.003. Epub 2013 Jun 19.
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India, with dyslipidemia contributing significantly to the risk. There are few community-based studies that highlight the burden and risk factors associated with dyslipidemia in the Indian population.
To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with dyslipidemia among adults ages 18 years and older in a resettlement colony located in central Delhi.
A cross-sectional study that included a random sample of 200 adults was designed. A study tool based on the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to surveillance of noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors (STEPS) questionnaire was used. Fasting venous blood sample was collected to assess the lipid profile and anthropometric measures of the participants were recorded. Criteria based on the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults were used to define the cut offs for dyslipidemia. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 17.
Of a total of 200 study subjects, 34% had increased total cholesterol levels (≥200 mg %), 38% had increased low-density lipoprotein levels (≥130 mg %), 40% had increased triglyceride levels (≥150 mg %), and 42% had low high-density lipoprotein levels (<40 mg %). Using the logistic regression model, we found age, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and abdominal obesity to be associated with increased odds of dyslipidemia.
A high proportion of individuals in the community have dyslipidemia, often associated with modifiable risk factors. The situation demands programs aimed at risk factor reduction. A focus on behavior change and health promotion targeting the younger age group is recommended.
心血管疾病是印度发病率和死亡率的主要原因，血脂异常是导致这种风险的主要因素。很少有基于社区的研究强调印度人群中血脂异常的负担和相关风险因素。
在位于德里中部的一个重新安置区，确定 18 岁及以上成年人中血脂异常的流行情况及其相关风险因素。
设计了一项横断面研究，纳入了 200 名随机成年人。采用基于世界卫生组织非传染性疾病及其风险因素监测的 STEPWISE 方法（STEPS）问卷的研究工具。采集空腹静脉血样以评估参与者的血脂谱，并记录他们的人体测量学指标。根据美国国家胆固醇教育计划第三次报告专家组关于检测、评估和治疗成人高胆固醇血症的标准，定义血脂异常的切点。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 17 对数据进行分析。
在总共 200 名研究对象中，34%的人总胆固醇水平升高（≥200mg/dL），38%的人低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高（≥130mg/dL），40%的人甘油三酯水平升高（≥150mg/dL），42%的人高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低（<40mg/dL）。使用逻辑回归模型，我们发现年龄、高血压、饮酒和腹型肥胖与血脂异常的发生几率增加有关。
社区中有很大比例的人存在血脂异常，通常与可改变的风险因素有关。这种情况需要制定旨在降低风险因素的计划。建议针对年轻人群开展以行为改变和健康促进为目标的计划。
