Blood Systems Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
Virology. 2014 Jan 5;448:146-58. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.09.026. Epub 2013 Oct 25.
Viral metagenomics characterizes known and identifies unknown viruses based on sequence similarities to any previously sequenced viral genomes. A metagenomics approach was used to identify virus sequences in Australian mosquitoes causing cytopathic effects in inoculated mammalian cell cultures. Sequence comparisons revealed strains of Liao Ning virus (Reovirus, Seadornavirus), previously detected only in China, livestock-infecting Stretch Lagoon virus (Reovirus, Orbivirus), two novel dimarhabdoviruses, named Beaumont and North Creek viruses, and two novel orthobunyaviruses, named Murrumbidgee and Salt Ash viruses. The novel virus proteomes diverged by ≥ 50% relative to their closest previously genetically characterized viral relatives. Deep sequencing also generated genomes of Warrego and Wallal viruses, orbiviruses linked to kangaroo blindness, whose genomes had not been fully characterized. This study highlights viral metagenomics in concert with traditional arbovirus surveillance to characterize known and new arboviruses in field-collected mosquitoes. Follow-up epidemiological studies are required to determine whether the novel viruses infect humans.
病毒宏基因组学基于与任何先前测序的病毒基因组的序列相似性来描述已知和鉴定未知病毒。采用宏基因组学方法鉴定了在接种哺乳动物细胞培养物中引起细胞病变效应的澳大利亚蚊子中的病毒序列。序列比较显示了以前仅在中国检测到的辽宁病毒（呼肠孤病毒，海德尔堡病毒）、感染牲畜的 Stretch Lagoon 病毒（呼肠孤病毒，环状病毒）、两种新的双联病毒，命名为 Beaumont 和 North Creek 病毒，以及两种新型正粘病毒，命名为 Murrumbidgee 和 Salt Ash 病毒。与最接近的先前遗传特征明确的病毒亲缘关系相比，新型病毒的蛋白组差异≥50%。深度测序还生成了与袋鼠失明相关的 orbiviruses 病毒 Warrego 和 Wallal 的基因组，其基因组尚未完全特征化。本研究强调了病毒宏基因组学与传统虫媒病毒监测的结合，以鉴定现场采集的蚊子中的已知和新型虫媒病毒。需要进行后续的流行病学研究来确定新型病毒是否感染人类。
