CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 176 Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530017, India.
MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India.
Syst Appl Microbiol. 2014 Feb;37(1):10-6. doi: 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.10.003. Epub 2013 Dec 5.
Novel pinkish-orange pigmented, Gram-negative staining, half-moon shaped, non-motile, strictly aerobic strains designated AK24(T) and AK26 were isolated from water and sediment samples of Lonar Lake, Buldhana district, Maharahstra, India. Both strains were positive for oxidase, catalase and β-galactosidase activities. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0 (41.5%), anteiso-C15:0 (9.7%), iso-C17:0 3OH (9.6%), iso-C17:1 ω9c (10.2%) and C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c/iso-C15:0 2OH (summed feature 3) (14.4%). The strains contained MK-7 as the major respiratory quinone, and phosphatidylethanolamine and five unidentified lipids as the polar lipids. Blast analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain AK24(T) showed that it was closely related to Aquiflexum balticum, with a pair-wise sequence similarity of 91.6%, as well as to Fontibacter ferrireducens, Belliella baltica and Indibacter alkaliphilus (91.3, 91.2 and 91.2% pair-wise sequence similarity, respectively), but it only had between 88.6 and 91.0% pair-wise sequence similarity to the rest of the family members. The MALDI-TOF assay reported no significant similarities for AK24(T) and AK26, since they potentially represented a new species. A MALDI MSP dendrogram showed close similarity between the two strains, but they maintained a distance from their phylogenetic neighbors. The genome of AK24(T) showed the presence of heavy metal tolerance genes, including the genes providing resistance to arsenic, cadmium, cobalt and zinc. A cluster of heat shock resistance genes was also found in the genome. Two lantibiotic producing genes, LanR and LasB, were also found in the genome of AK24(T). Strains AK24(T) and AK26 were very closely related to each other with 99.5% pair-wise sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strains were members of the family Cyclobacteriaceae and they clustered with the genus Mariniradius, as well as with the genera Aquiflexum, Cecembia, Fontibacter, Indibacter, and Shivajiella. DNA-DNA hybridization between strains AK24(T) and AK26 showed a relatedness of 82% and their rep-PCR banding patterns were very similar. Based on data from the current polyphasic study, it is proposed that the isolates be placed in a new genus and species with the name Lunatimonas lonarensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Lunatimonas lonarensis is AK24(T) (=JCM 18822(T)=MTCC 11627(T)).
从印度马哈拉施特拉邦布尔达纳区 Lonar 湖的水样和底泥中分离到两株新型粉红色橙色、革兰氏阴性、半月形、非运动、严格需氧的菌株 AK24(T) 和 AK26。两株菌均氧化酶、过氧化氢酶和β-半乳糖苷酶活性阳性。主要脂肪酸为 iso-C15:0（41.5%）、anteiso-C15:0（9.7%）、iso-C17:0 3OH（9.6%）、iso-C17:1 ω9c（10.2%）和 C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c/iso-C15:0 2OH（summed feature 3）（14.4%）。两株菌均含有 MK-7 作为主要呼吸醌，磷脂酰乙醇胺和五种未鉴定的脂质作为极性脂质。AK24(T) 菌株的 16S rRNA 基因序列的 Blast 分析表明，它与 Aquiflexum balticum 密切相关，相似度为 91.6%，与 Fontibacter ferrireducens、Belliella baltica 和 Indibacter alkaliphilus 的相似度分别为 91.3%、91.2%和 91.2%（两两序列相似度），但与其他家族成员的相似度仅为 88.6%至 91.0%。MALDI-TOF 分析报告称，AK24(T) 和 AK26 之间没有显著的相似性，因为它们可能代表了一个新的物种。MALDI MSP 系统发育树表明，两株菌之间存在密切的相似性，但它们与亲缘关系较近的种保持一定的距离。AK24(T) 基因组中存在重金属耐受基因，包括对砷、镉、钴和锌的抗性基因。在基因组中还发现了一组耐热基因。AK24(T) 基因组中还发现了两个产生细菌素的基因 LanR 和 LasB。菌株 AK24(T) 和 AK26 彼此非常相似，相似度为 99.5%。系统发育分析表明，这些菌株是环杆菌科的成员，它们与 Mariniradius 属以及 Aquiflexum、Cecembia、Fontibacter、Indibacter 和 Shivajiella 属聚类。菌株 AK24(T) 和 AK26 之间的 DNA-DNA 杂交显示出 82%的相关性，它们的 rep-PCR 带型非常相似。基于当前多相研究的数据，建议将这些分离物置于一个新的属和种中，命名为 Lunatimonas lonarensis gen. nov.，sp. nov. Lunatimonas lonarensis 的模式株为 AK24(T)（=JCM 18822(T)=MTCC 11627(T)）。
