Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China.
Clin Nutr. 2014 Aug;33(4):596-602. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.10.003. Epub 2013 Oct 14.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Epidemiological evidence suggests that alcohol consumption is related to the incidence and development of metabolic syndrome. However, data on this issue are unstable and controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to provide a quantitative assessment of the association between alcohol intake and risk of metabolic syndrome.
We searched the Pubmed and Embase databases up to May 2013 to identify prospective cohort studies related to alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome. Summary effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived using a fixed or random effects model, depending on the heterogeneity of the included studies.
Six prospective studies involving 28,862 participants with 3305 cases of metabolic syndrome were included in the meta-analysis. On the basis of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale system, 83.3% of the studies were identified as relatively high-quality. In our primary analysis, compared with nondrinker, very light drinker was associated with decreased risk of metabolic syndrome [pooled relative risk (RR) 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99, fixed-effect model] while heavy drinker was associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (pooled RR 1.84, 95% CI: 1.34-2.52, fixed-effect model). No indications of heterogeneity and publication bias were found in these two groups. Estimates of total effects were generally consistent in the sensitivity and stratification analyses.
The present meta-analysis of prospective studies suggested that heavy alcohol consumption might be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome while very light alcohol consumption seemed to be associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome.
流行病学证据表明，饮酒与代谢综合征的发生和发展有关。然而，关于这一问题的数据不稳定且存在争议。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以定量评估饮酒与代谢综合征风险之间的关系。
我们检索了 Pubmed 和 Embase 数据库，截至 2013 年 5 月，以确定与饮酒和代谢综合征相关的前瞻性队列研究。使用固定或随机效应模型，根据纳入研究的异质性，得出具有 95%置信区间（CI）的汇总效应估计值。
共有 6 项前瞻性研究纳入了 28862 名参与者，其中 3305 例患有代谢综合征，这些研究被纳入荟萃分析。根据纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表系统，83.3%的研究被认为是相对高质量的。在我们的主要分析中，与非饮酒者相比，极少量饮酒者患代谢综合征的风险降低[汇总相对风险（RR）0.86，95%CI：0.75-0.99，固定效应模型]，而重度饮酒者患代谢综合征的风险增加（汇总 RR 1.84，95%CI：1.34-2.52，固定效应模型）。在这两组中，均未发现异质性和发表偏倚的迹象。敏感性和分层分析中的总体效应估计值基本一致。
本项前瞻性研究的荟萃分析表明，大量饮酒可能与代谢综合征风险增加有关，而极少量饮酒似乎与代谢综合征风险降低有关。
