Kong Zhaowei, Zang Yanpeng, Hu Yang
Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Avenida Padre Tomas Pereira, Taipa, Macao, China,
Sleep Breath. 2014 Sep;18(3):591-7. doi: 10.1007/s11325-013-0922-4. Epub 2013 Dec 8.
Intermittent normobaric hypoxia training, an alternative to altitude training for athletes, may be beneficial to treat overweight and obesity. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether normobaric hypoxia training combined with low-caloric diet has the additive effect on weight loss compared with normoxia training in obese young adults.
Twenty-two subjects (age 17-25 years, body mass index >27.5 kg/m(2)) were recruited for a 4-week residential camp of weight loss with low caloric intake, and trained at 60-70% maximal heart rate of aerobics and 40-50% of maximal strength of training. They were randomly assigned to either a normobaric hypoxia (HT, FiO2 = 16.4-14.5 %) or normoxia training group (NT, FiO2 = 21%), and subjects in HT and NT groups experienced weekly 16-h normoxia and 6-h hypoxia or 22-h normoxia training, respectively. Body composition, resting blood pressure (BP) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were determined before and after the intervention.
Weight loss was found in HT (-6.9 kg or -7.0%, p < 0.01) and NT groups (-4.3 kg or -4.2%, p < 0.01) significantly, and the former lost more weight than the latter (p < 0.01). Hypoxia training improved systolic BP (-7.6%) and mean BP (-7.1%) significantly (p < 0.05) despite having no effect on baPWV.
Four weeks of normobaric hypoxia residential training with low caloric diet has an additive improvement on weight loss. It seems that normobaric hypoxia training might be a promising method to treat obesity.
间歇性常压低氧训练是运动员高原训练的一种替代方法，可能对治疗超重和肥胖有益。本研究的目的是调查在肥胖青年成年人中，与常氧训练相比，常压低氧训练联合低热量饮食是否对体重减轻有叠加效应。
招募22名受试者（年龄17 - 25岁，体重指数>27.5 kg/m²）参加为期4周的低热量摄入减重住宿营，以最大心率的60 - 70%进行有氧运动训练，以最大力量的40 - 50%进行力量训练。他们被随机分配到常压低氧组（HT，吸入氧分数FiO₂ = 16.4 - 14.5%）或常氧训练组（NT，FiO₂ = 21%），HT组和NT组的受试者分别每周进行16小时常氧和6小时低氧训练或22小时常氧训练。在干预前后测定身体成分、静息血压（BP）和臂踝脉搏波速度（baPWV）。
HT组（-6.9 kg或-7.0%，p < 0.01）和NT组（-4.3 kg或-4.2%，p < 0.01）体重均显著减轻，且前者减重多于后者（p < 0.01）。低氧训练显著改善了收缩压（-7.6%）和平均血压（-7.1%）（p < 0.05），尽管对baPWV没有影响。
四周的常压低氧住宿训练联合低热量饮食对体重减轻有叠加改善作用。常压低氧训练似乎可能是一种有前景的肥胖治疗方法。
