Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Clinic and Policlinic for Palliative Medicine, Germany.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:740291. doi: 10.1155/2013/740291. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
The aim of this paper is to discuss and explore the interrelation between two concepts, attachment theory and the concept of spirituality, which are important to palliative care and to founding a multivariate understanding of the patient's needs and challenges. Both concepts have been treated by research in diverse and multiform ways, but little effort has yet been made to integrate them into one theoretical framework in reference to the palliative context. In this paper, we begin an attempt to close this scientific gap theoretically. Following the lines of thought in this paper, we assume that spirituality can be conceptualized as an adequate response of a person's attachment pattern to the peculiarity of the palliative situation. Spirituality can be seen both as a recourse to securely based relationships and as an attempt to explore the ultimate unknown, the mystery of one's own death. Thus, spirituality in the palliative context corresponds to the task of attachment behavior: to transcend symbiosis while continuing bonds and thus to explore the unknown environment independently and without fear. Spiritual activity is interpreted as a human attachment behavior option that receives special quality and importance in the terminal stage of life. Implications for clinical practice and research are discussed in the final section of the paper.
本文旨在探讨和探索依恋理论和灵性概念之间的相互关系，这两个概念对姑息治疗以及建立对患者需求和挑战的多变量理解非常重要。这两个概念都已经被研究以不同的和多样的方式进行了研究，但很少有努力将它们整合到一个与姑息治疗背景相关的理论框架中。在本文中，我们开始从理论上尝试弥补这一科学差距。根据本文的思路，我们假设灵性可以被概念化为一个人的依恋模式对姑息治疗特殊情况的适当反应。可以将灵性既视为对可靠关系的依赖，也视为探索未知的终极的尝试，即对自己死亡的神秘性的探索。因此，姑息治疗背景下的灵性对应于依恋行为的任务：在继续保持联系的同时超越共生关系，从而独立而无畏地探索未知环境。本文最后一部分讨论了对临床实践和研究的影响。
