Pépin Jacques, Abou Chakra Claire Nour, Pépin Eric, Nault Vincent
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
PLoS One. 2013 Dec 4;8(12):e80948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080948. eCollection 2013.
Since 1999, substantial efforts have been made by the international community to reduce the risks associated with unsafe injections, through ministries of health, international donors, the World Health Organization and the Safe Injection Global Network. The present study attempted to measure the progress, or lack thereof, made over the 2000-2010 decade in reducing unsafe injections in ten regions of the world corresponding to developing and transitional economies.
Data about the number of injections per person per year and the proportion of re-use of syringes and needles were obtained for 2010, mainly from population surveys, and compared with previous estimates for 2000 which had used various sources of information including injection safety assessments, population surveys and published studies on injection practices.
From 2000 to 2010, in developing countries and transitional economies, the average number of injections per person per year decreased from 3.40 to 2.88, while the proportion of re-use of injection devices dropped from 39.8% to 5.5%. Combining both factors the number of unsafe injections per person per year decreased from 1.35 to 0.16. Even if substantial progress has been made, the Eastern Mediterranean region remains problematic, with 0.57 unsafe injections per person per year. In sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, people now receive on average only 0.04-0.05 unsafe injections per year.
Substantial progress has been made in reducing the number of unsafe injections in developing countries and transitional economies, essentially through a reduction in the re-use of injection devices. In some regions, elimination of unsafe injections might become a reasonable goal.
自1999年以来，国际社会通过各国卫生部、国际捐助方、世界卫生组织和全球安全注射网络，为降低不安全注射相关风险付出了巨大努力。本研究试图衡量2000年至2010年这十年间，世界上十个对应发展中经济体和转型经济体的地区在减少不安全注射方面取得的进展或未取得进展的情况。
2010年人均每年注射次数以及注射器和针头重复使用比例的数据主要来自人口调查，并与2000年之前的估计数据进行比较，2000年的估计数据使用了包括注射安全评估、人口调查和已发表的注射实践研究等各种信息来源。
从2000年到2010年，在发展中国家和转型经济体中，人均每年注射次数从3.40次降至2.88次，而注射器具重复使用比例从39.8%降至5.5%。综合这两个因素，人均每年不安全注射次数从1.35次降至0.16次。即使已取得显著进展，但东地中海地区仍然存在问题，人均每年有0.57次不安全注射。在撒哈拉以南非洲和拉丁美洲，现在人们平均每年仅接受0.04 - 0.05次不安全注射。
在发展中国家和转型经济体中，在减少不安全注射次数方面已取得显著进展，主要是通过减少注射器具的重复使用。在一些地区，消除不安全注射可能成为一个合理目标。
