Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
J Environ Manage. 2014 Jan;132:304-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.027. Epub 2013 Dec 8.
As a result of several serious flood events which have occurred since 2000, flooding across Europe is now receiving considerable public and media attention. The impact of land use on hydrology and flood response is significantly under-researched, and the links between land use change and flooding are still unclear. This study considers runoff data available from studies of arable in-field land use management options, applied with the aim of reducing diffuse pollution from arable land, in order to investigate whether these treatments also have potential to reduce downstream flooding. Intensive monitoring of 17 hillslope treatment areas produced a record of flood peak data covering different mitigation treatments for runoff which occurred in the winter of 2007-2008. We investigated event total runoff responses to rainfall, peak runoff, and timing of the runoff peaks from replicates of different treatments, in order to assess whether there is a significant difference in flood peak response between different mitigation options which could be used to mitigate downstream flood risk. A mixed-modelling approach was adopted in order to determine whether differences observed in runoff response were significant. The results of this study suggest that changes in land use management using arable in-field mitigation treatments can affect local-scale runoff generation, with differences observed in the size, duration and timing of flood peaks as a result of different management practices, but the study was unable to allow significant treatment effects to be determined. We suggest that further field studies of the effects of changes in land use and land use management need to upscale towards farm and catchment scale experiments which consider high quality before-and-after data over longer temporal timescales. This type of data collection is essential in order to allow appropriate land use management decisions to be made.
由于 2000 年以来发生的几次严重洪灾事件，欧洲各地的洪水现在受到了公众和媒体的广泛关注。土地利用对水文和洪水响应的影响在很大程度上研究不足，土地利用变化与洪水之间的联系仍不清楚。本研究考虑了从耕地土地利用管理方案研究中获得的径流数据，这些方案旨在减少耕地的面源污染，以调查这些处理方法是否也有可能减少下游洪水。对 17 个坡面处理区进行了密集监测，记录了 2007-2008 年冬季发生的不同径流缓解处理的洪峰数据。我们调查了不同处理的复制品对降雨、峰值径流和径流峰值时间的总径流响应，以评估不同缓解方案的洪峰响应是否存在显著差异，从而可以用于减轻下游洪水风险。采用混合模型方法来确定径流响应的差异是否显著。本研究的结果表明，利用耕地场内缓解处理进行土地利用管理的变化可以影响局部尺度的径流生成，不同管理实践导致洪峰的大小、持续时间和时间存在差异，但研究无法确定显著的处理效果。我们建议，需要进一步开展土地利用和土地利用管理变化影响的田间研究，以便在更长的时间尺度上考虑高质量的前后数据，将研究扩展到农场和集水区尺度的实验。这种数据收集对于做出适当的土地利用管理决策至关重要。
