Catalán-Ramos Arantxa, Verdú Jose M, Grau María, Iglesias-Rodal Manuel, del Val García José L, Consola Alicia, Comin Eva
Àmbit d'Avaluació de Farmàcia, Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Unitat de Coordinació i Estratègia del Medicament, Direcció Adjunta d'Afers Assistencials, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Aten Primaria. 2014 Jan;46(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2013.06.004. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
To analyze the prevalence, control, and management of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2).
Cross-sectional analysis of all individuals attended in the Catalan primary care centers between 2006 and 2009.
History of cardiovascular diseases, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, DM2, lipid profile, glycemia and blood pressure data were extracted from electronic medical records. Age-standardized prevalence and levels of management and control were estimated.
Individuals aged 35-74 years using primary care databases.
A total of 2,174,515 individuals were included (mean age 52 years [SD 11], 47% men).
Hypertension was the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor (39% in women, 41% in men) followed by hypercholesterolemia (38% and 40%) and DM2 (12% and 16%), respectively. Diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were most often prescribed for hypertension control (<140/90mmHg, achieved in 68% of men and 60% of women treated). Hypercholesterolemia was controlled (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <130mg/dl) in just 31% of men and 26% of women with no history of cardiovascular disease, despite lipid-lowering treatment, primarily (90%) with statins. The percentage of women and men with DM2 and with glycated hemoglobin <7% was 64.7% and 59.2%, respectively; treatment was predominantly with oral hypoglycemic agents alone (70%), or combined with insulin (15%).
Hypertension was the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor in the Catalan population attended at primary care centers. About two thirds of individuals with hypertension or DM2 were adequately controlled; hypercholesterolemia control was particularly low.
分析高血压、高胆固醇血症和2型糖尿病（DM2）的患病率、控制情况及管理措施。
对2006年至2009年在加泰罗尼亚初级保健中心就诊的所有个体进行横断面分析。
从电子病历中提取心血管疾病史、高血压、高胆固醇血症、DM2的诊断和治疗情况、血脂谱、血糖和血压数据。估计年龄标准化患病率以及管理和控制水平。
使用初级保健数据库的35至74岁个体。
共纳入2174515名个体（平均年龄52岁[标准差11]，47%为男性）。
高血压是最常见的心血管危险因素（女性为39%，男性为41%），其次是高胆固醇血症（分别为38%和40%）和DM2（分别为12%和16%）。利尿剂和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂最常用于控制高血压（血压<140/90mmHg，接受治疗的男性中有68%、女性中有60%达到该目标）。尽管主要（90%）使用他汀类药物进行降脂治疗，但在无心血管疾病史的男性和女性中，仅有31%的男性和26%的女性高胆固醇血症得到控制（低密度脂蛋白胆固醇<130mg/dl）。DM2患者糖化血红蛋白<7%的女性和男性比例分别为64.7%和59.2%；治疗主要单独使用口服降糖药（70%），或联合胰岛素（15%）。
在加泰罗尼亚初级保健中心就诊的人群中，高血压是最常见的心血管危险因素。约三分之二的高血压或DM2患者得到了充分控制；高胆固醇血症的控制率特别低。
