21st Century Oncology, 801 WH Smith Boulevard, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
Future Oncol. 2014 Jan;10(1):123-4. doi: 10.2217/fon.13.176.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-based intervention with a long and successful clinical track record for both oncology and non-malignancies. In cancer patients, a photosensitizing agent is intravenously, orally or topically applied and allowed time to preferentially accumulate in the tumor region. Light of the appropriate wavelength and intensity to activate the particular photosensitizer employed is then introduced to the tumor bed. The light energy will activate the photosensitizer, which in the presence of oxygen should allow for creation of the toxic photodynamic reaction generating reactive oxygen species. The photodynamic reaction creates a cascading series of events including initiation of apoptotic and necrotic pathways both in tumor and neovasculature, leading to permanent lesion destruction often with upregulation of the immune system. Cutaneous phototoxicity from unintentional sunlight exposure remains the most common morbidity from PDT. This paper will highlight current research and outcomes from the basic science and clinical applications of oncologic PDT and interpret how these findings may lead to enhanced and refined future PDT.
光动力疗法（PDT）是一种基于光线的干预方法，在肿瘤学和非恶性疾病方面均具有悠久而成功的临床记录。在癌症患者中，光敏剂通过静脉内、口服或局部应用，并允许其优先在肿瘤区域积聚。然后，引入适当波长和强度的光来激活所使用的特定光敏剂。光能将激活光敏剂，在氧气存在的情况下，应该允许产生有毒的光动力反应，从而产生活性氧。光动力反应会引发一系列级联事件，包括在肿瘤和新生血管中启动凋亡和坏死途径，导致永久性病变破坏，通常伴随着免疫系统的上调。非故意暴露在阳光下引起的皮肤光毒性仍然是 PDT 最常见的发病率。本文将重点介绍肿瘤学 PDT 的基础科学和临床应用的当前研究和结果，并解释这些发现如何导致增强和改进未来的 PDT。
