Department of Crops and Soil Sciences, A570 Plant and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, A126 Engineering Research Complex, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
J Water Health. 2013 Dec;11(4):659-70. doi: 10.2166/wh.2013.322.
Sewage pollution remains the most significant source of human waterborne pathogens. This study describes the detection and characterization of human enteric viruses in community wastewaters using cell culture coupled with multiple target microarrays (with a total of 780 unique probes targeting 27 different groups of both DNA and RNA viruses) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Over a 13-month sampling period, RNA viruses (astroviruses and enteroviruses) were more frequently detected compared to DNA viruses (adenoviruses, particularly type 41 and BK polyomavirus). Overall, many more viruses were shed during the winter months (December-February) compared to the summer months. Exploration of the multiple types of enteric viruses particularly in winter months identified much more significant prevalence of key viral pathogens associated with sewage pollution of the water environment than previously realized and seasonal disinfection used in some parts of the world may lead to a seeding of ambient waters. Molecular characterization of pathogenic viruses in community wastewater will improve the understanding of the potential risk of waterborne disease transmission of viral pathogens.
污水污染仍然是人类水源性病原体的最重要来源。本研究采用细胞培养与多重靶向微阵列（共针对 27 种不同的 DNA 和 RNA 病毒组设计了 780 个独特的探针）和聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测方法，描述了社区废水中人肠道病毒的检测和特征。在 13 个月的采样期间，与 DNA 病毒（腺病毒，特别是 41 型和 BK 多瘤病毒）相比，RNA 病毒（星状病毒和肠道病毒）更频繁地被检测到。总的来说，与夏季相比，冬季（12 月至 2 月）病毒排放的更多。对肠道病毒的多种类型的深入研究，特别是在冬季，发现了与污水环境污染有关的关键病毒病原体的流行率比以前认识到的要高得多，而世界上某些地区使用的季节性消毒可能会导致环境水的接种。对社区废水中致病性病毒的分子特征分析将提高对病毒病原体通过水传播疾病的潜在风险的认识。
