Deliens Tom, Clarys Peter, De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse, Deforche Benedicte
Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Nutr J. 2013 Dec 17;12:162. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-162.
This study aimed to examine differences in socio-demographics and health behaviour between Belgian first year university students who attended all final course exams and those who did not. Secondly, this study aimed to identify weight and health behaviour related correlates of academic performance in those students who attended all course exams.
Anthropometrics of 101 first year university students were measured at both the beginning of the first (T1) and second (T2) semester of the academic year. An on-line health behaviour questionnaire was filled out at T2. As a measure of academic performance student end-of-year Grade Point Averages (GPA) were obtained from the university's registration office. Independent samples t-tests and chi2-tests were executed to compare students who attended all course exams during the first year of university and students who did not carry through. Uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to identify correlates of academic performance in students who attended all course exams during the first year of university.
Students who did not attend all course exams were predominantly male, showed higher increases in waist circumference during the first semester and consumed more French fries than those who attended all final course exams. Being male, lower secondary school grades, increases in weight, Body Mass Index and waist circumference over the first semester, more gaming on weekdays, being on a diet, eating at the student restaurant more frequently, higher soda and French fries consumption, and higher frequency of alcohol use predicted lower GPA's in first year university students. When controlled for each other, being on a diet and higher frequency of alcohol use remained significant in the multivariate regression model, with frequency of alcohol use being the strongest correlate of GPA.
This study, conducted in Belgian first year university students, showed that academic performance is associated with a wide range of weight and health related behaviours. Future studies should investigate whether interventions aiming at promoting healthy behaviours among students could also have a positive impact on academic performance.
本研究旨在调查参加了所有期末考试的比利时大学一年级学生与未参加所有期末考试的学生在社会人口统计学和健康行为方面的差异。其次，本研究旨在确定参加了所有课程考试的学生中，与学业成绩相关的体重和健康行为因素。
在学年的第一学期（T1）开始时和第二学期（T2）开始时，对101名大学一年级学生进行了人体测量。在T2时填写了一份在线健康行为问卷。作为学业成绩的衡量标准，从大学注册办公室获取了学生的年终平均绩点（GPA）。进行独立样本t检验和卡方检验，以比较大学一年级参加了所有课程考试的学生和未通过所有课程考试的学生。进行单变量和多变量线性回归分析，以确定大学一年级参加了所有课程考试的学生中与学业成绩相关的因素。
未参加所有课程考试的学生以男性为主，第一学期腰围增加幅度更大，且比参加了所有期末考试的学生食用更多薯条。男性、初中成绩较低、第一学期体重、体重指数和腰围增加、工作日玩游戏更多、节食、更频繁地在学生餐厅就餐、更高的汽水和薯条消费量以及更高的饮酒频率，都预示着大学一年级学生的GPA较低。当相互控制这些因素时，节食和更高的饮酒频率在多变量回归模型中仍然显著，饮酒频率是与GPA相关性最强的因素。
这项针对比利时大学一年级学生的研究表明，学业成绩与多种体重和健康相关行为有关。未来的研究应调查旨在促进学生健康行为的干预措施是否也能对学业成绩产生积极影响。
