Garner Bryan R, Belur Vinetha K, Dennis Michael L
Chestnut Health Systems, Normal, Illinois, USA.
Subst Abuse. 2013 Dec 2;7:199-208. doi: 10.4137/SART.S13152. eCollection 2013.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) data harmonization project on existing measures (www.phenx.org) has recommended the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN)-Short Screener (GSS) as one of the most reliable, valid, efficient, and inexpensive general behavioral health screeners to quickly identify people with internalizing and externalizing mental health disorders, substance use disorders, and crime/violence problems. The present study examined how well the four GSS screeners and their sum predict future arrest or incarceration among individuals entering treatment for a substance use disorder. Using a cross-validation design, a diverse sample of 6,815 youth with substance use disorders was split into a development sample and a validation sample. Overall, results found the GSS's crime and violence screener (CVScr) and the substance disorder screener (SDScr) to be the two best predictors of arrest/incarceration within the 12 months following treatment intake. Additionally, we found that these screeners could be used to categorize individuals into three groups (low risk, moderate risk, high risk) and this simplified classification had good predictive validity (Area Under the Curve = 0.601). In sum, the GSS's predictive validity was similar to other instruments that have been developed to predict risk for recidivism; however, the GSS takes only a fraction of the time to collect (ie, approximately 2-3 minutes for just these two screeners).
美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）现有测量数据协调项目（www.phenx.org）推荐《个体需求综合评估》（GAIN）-简短筛查量表（GSS），认为它是最可靠、有效、高效且经济的一般行为健康筛查工具之一，可快速识别患有内化和外化精神健康障碍、物质使用障碍以及犯罪/暴力问题的人群。本研究考察了GSS的四项筛查量表及其总分在预测物质使用障碍治疗入组个体未来被捕或监禁情况方面的表现。采用交叉验证设计，将6815名患有物质使用障碍的不同青年样本分为一个开发样本和一个验证样本。总体而言，结果发现GSS的犯罪与暴力筛查量表（CVScr）和物质障碍筛查量表（SDScr）是治疗入组后12个月内被捕/监禁的两个最佳预测指标。此外，我们发现这些筛查量表可用于将个体分为三组（低风险、中度风险、高风险），这种简化分类具有良好的预测效度（曲线下面积 = 0.601）。总之，GSS的预测效度与其他用于预测累犯风险的工具相似；然而，GSS收集数据所需时间仅为其他工具的一小部分（即仅这两个筛查量表大约需要2 - 3分钟）。
