Sadasivam Magesh, Avci Pinar, Gupta Gaurav K, Lakshmanan Shanmugamurthy, Chandran Rakkiyappan, Huang Ying-Ying, Kumar Raj, Hamblin Michael R
Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; and Department of Dermatology, Dermatooncology and Venerology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
Eur J Nanomed. 2013 Jul;5(3). doi: 10.1515/ejnm-2013-0010.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) employs the combination of non-toxic photosensitizers (PS) together with harmless visible light of the appropriate wavelength to produce reactive oxygen species that kill unwanted cells. Because many PS are hydrophobic molecules prone to aggregation, numerous drug delivery vehicles have been tested to solubilize these molecules, render them biocompatible and enhance the ease of administration after intravenous injection. The recent rise in nanotechnology has markedly expanded the range of these nanoparticulate delivery vehicles beyond the well-established liposomes and micelles. Self-assembled nanoparticles are formed by judicious choice of monomer building blocks that spontaneously form a well-oriented 3-dimensional structure that incorporates the PS when subjected to the appropriate conditions. This self-assembly process is governed by a subtle interplay of forces on the molecular level. This review will cover the state of the art in the preparation and use of self-assembled liposomal nanoparticles within the context of PDT.
光动力疗法（PDT）采用无毒光敏剂（PS）与适当波长的无害可见光相结合，产生活性氧以杀死不需要的细胞。由于许多PS是易于聚集的疏水分子，因此已经测试了多种药物递送载体来溶解这些分子，使其具有生物相容性并提高静脉注射后的给药便利性。纳米技术的最新发展显著扩展了这些纳米颗粒递送载体的范围，使其超越了成熟的脂质体和胶束。自组装纳米颗粒是通过明智地选择单体构建块形成的，这些单体在适当条件下会自发形成一个排列良好的三维结构，并将PS纳入其中。这种自组装过程受分子水平上各种力的微妙相互作用支配。本综述将涵盖在光动力疗法背景下自组装脂质体纳米颗粒的制备和应用的最新进展。
